天津市近20年生态足迹的动态测度与分析  

Dynamic calculation and analysis of eco-footprints of Tianjin City in the past two decades

作　　者：孟伟庆[1] 马春[1] 鞠美庭[1] 李洪远[1] 冯海云[1] 

机构地区：[1]南开大学环境科学与工程学院,天津300071

出　　处：《安全与环境学报》2008年第2期67-71,共5页Journal of Safety and Environment

基　　金：天津市科技支撑计划重点项目(07ZCGYSF01900)

摘　　要：利用生态足迹分析法对天津市1987—2006年的生态足迹和生态承载力进行时间序列的测度,将天津市资源利用的动态特征纳入生态足迹模型中,在此基础上进行横向和纵向比较。结果表明,20年来,天津市人均生态足迹快速增长,由1987年的1.4469hm2增长到2006年的2.8925hm2,人均生态赤字从1987年1.1272hm2增长到2006年的2.6092hm2。这说明天津市在近20年的发展中,生产生活强度大幅度增加,大大超过了自然生态系统的承载力,区域的经济社会发展处于一种不可持续的状态。同时万元GDP占用生态足迹从1987年的5.4704hm2降低到2006年的0.7133hm2,说明天津市资源利用效率提高较快,经济增长方式向良性发展。针对天津生态环境现状,提出了天津建设生态城市的对策措施,包括减少生态赤字、控制污染、提高资源利用效率、改变消费方式和大力发展循环经济等。The paper is inclined to introduce the author＇s dynamic calculation and analysis of the eco-fcotprints of Tianjin City in the past two decades. As is known, man has to rely on nature for his survival. To keep the society sustainable, human beings must make their survival activities in accordance with the objective laws of nature. However, over-exploitation of natural resources for the time being in our country is now leading to the loss of balance with the ecological system, and the idea for sustainable development has been slow for recognition. Therefore, environmental scholars have now attracted great attention into the ecological footprint （ FE） model since it was developed a few years ago. According to the model, FE. is a significant accounting tool for the overall assessment of the status of sustainable development, and a comprehensive indicator for human resources consumption. FE represents human impact on nature. When it surpasses the limit of the actual biological capacity of a region, the development of the region tends to be unsustainable. It is just for this reason that this paper turns its attention to trace the ecological foot-print of the environmental change and the related shrinking of the biocapacity of Tianjin municipality and measures the ecological footprint in time sequence and calculates the degree of its sustainable development from 1987 to 2006 with ecological model. Using the eco-fcot-print model and evaluating the dynamic characteristics of the resource exploitation of the city, we have conducted a deepoing analysis from the point of view of sustainable development to test if the current eco- environmental situation can still remain within the scale of sustainable development through a horizontal and vertical comparison. The result of our investigation shows that eco-fcotprint per capita of the city quickly has increased from 1.446 9 hm^2 in 1987 to 2.892 5 hm^2 in 2006, while the eco-deficit per capita has steeply risen from 1.127 2 hm^2 in 1987 to 2. 609 2 hm^2 by 2006. Thus, the

关 键 词：生态学 生态足迹 生态承载力 动态分析 生态赤字 天津市 

分 类 号：H062.2[语言文字—语言学]