成体瘤背石磺脂类和脂肪酸组成  

Lipid class and fatty acid composition of adult Onchidium struma

作　　者：吴旭干[1] 滕炜鸣[1] 唐伯平[2] 成永旭[1] 于智勇[1] 周波[1] 杨筱珍[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海水产大学省部共建水产种质资源发掘与利用教育部重点实验室,上海200090 [2]江苏省滩涂生物资源与环境保护重点建设实验室,江苏盐城224002

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2008年第3期431-438,共8页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：上海市科委基础研究重点项目(04JC14067);上海市科技兴农重点攻关项目(沪农科攻字2005D4-3);江苏省滩涂生物资源与环境保护重点建设实验室开放基金(JLCBE052002);上海市重点学科项目(Y1101)

摘　　要：测定和比较了成体瘤背石磺的肌肉、肝胰腺、两性腺和卵黄腺指数、水分含量、总脂(TL)含量、脂类和脂肪酸组成。结果表明:(1)瘤背石磺的肌肉指数为57.31%,显著高于其他3种组织(P<0.05);肌肉和两性腺中的水分含量为80%左右,肝胰腺中的总脂/湿质量含量为8.23%,显著于其他3种组织(P<0.05)。(2)成体瘤背石磺各种组织总脂主要由磷脂(PL)、胆固醇(Cho)、游离脂肪酸(FFA)、甘油三酰(TG)和甘油一酰(MG)组成;肌肉中的PL/TL高达85.24%,显著高于其他3种组织(P<0.05);肝胰腺中PL/TL含量仅为41.77%,显著低于其他组织(P<0.05);肝胰腺中的FFA/TL达44.99%,显著高于其他组织。(3)成体瘤背石磺肝胰腺中的总饱和脂肪酸(∑SFA)含量达34.93%,显著高于其他3种组织(P<0.05);两性腺中总单不饱和脂肪酸(∑MUFA)含量仅为18.96%,显著低于其他3种组织,总多不饱和脂肪酸(∑PUFA)含量从大到小顺序依次为:两性腺(40.60%)、卵黄腺(33.21%)、肌肉(30.85%)、肝胰腺(21.00%)。肌肉中C20:4n6(AA)含量显著高于其他组织,两性腺中的C22:5n3(DPA)含量高达10.34%,4种组织中的C20:5n3(EPA)含量均显著大于C22:6n3(DHA)含量。由此可见,PL和PUFA对于瘤背石磺的两性腺发育具有十分重要作用,肝胰腺中高含量的FFA可能与其旺盛的脂类代谢有关,肌肉、卵黄腺和两性腺具有较高的脂类营养价值。Onchidium struma is a commercially important mollusk with high nutritional and pharmic value, whose natural habitate distributes on the mudflats of the intertidal zone especially in Jiangsu, Shanghai and Zhejiang. Nowdays, O. struma has become a very popular invigorant in East China, and there is an increasing demand for its production. However, the culture technology of all life stage of O. struma （broodstock, larvae and juveniles） have not been established in China. Although there are many research reports on morphological characteristics, reproductive behavior, ecological habits, embryonic development and gonadal development of Onchidium spp., only two studies have been conducted on proximate compositions of O. struma. The experiments were conducted to investigate total lipid （TL）, lipid class and fatty acid composition of adult O. strum by GC and IAROSCAN TLC-FID. The results indicated that： （1） the muscle content of O. struma was 57.31%, which was higher than those of other tissue indices （P〈0.05）. The highest total lipid/wet weight （7.89%） could be found in hepatopancreas among four tissues of O. struma （P〈0.05）. （2） The lipid class of adult O. struma included phospholipids （PL）, cholesterol （Cho）, free fatty acids （FFA）, triacyglycerol （TG） and monoacylglycerol （MG）. The muscle had higher rate of PL/TL （85.24%）. However, the percentage of PL/ TL was only 41.77% in hepatopancreas. （3） The highest proportion of total saturated fatty acids （ ∑ SFA） could be found in hepatopancreas, which had higher percent of C16： 0. However, the muscle and digenetic gonad had lower proportion of total monounsaturated fatty acids （ ∑ MUFA） than those of other two tissues. Based on the proportion of total polyunsaturated fatty acids （ ∑ PUFA） in those tissues, it could be ranked with the turn of digenetic gonad （40.60%） 〉vitelline gland （33.21%） 〉muscle （30.85%） 〉hepatopancreas （21.00%）. The highest C20：4n6 （AA） percen

关 键 词：瘤背石磺 成体 脂类 脂肪酸 

分 类 号：Q959.223[生物学—动物学]