春季繁殖鮸仔、稚鱼的生长与摄食  

Feeding habits and growth performance of Miichthys miiuy larvae and juveniles under artifi cial rearing conditions in spring

作　　者：施兆鸿[1] 柳敏海 彭志兰 彭士明[1] 付荣兵 罗海忠 

机构地区：[1]中国水产科学研究院东海水产研究所,上海 200090 [2]浙江舟山市水产研究所,浙江舟山 316000

出　　处：《中国水产科学》2008年第3期446-452,共7页Journal of Fishery Sciences of China

基　　金：中央级公益性科研院所基本科研业务费专项资金(东2007Z02);浙江省科技重点攻关项目(2004C12028)

摘　　要：在人工育苗条件下，对春季繁殖的鮸（Miichthys miiuy）仔、稚鱼的生长与摄食特性进行了研究。结果表明，水温在22．5～29．0℃时，全长、肛前长、体高和体质量的特定生长率分别为4．9069％、4．6815％、3．5532％和11．9672％。49日龄鮸稚鱼个体间生长差异中以体高差异最小，最大与最小相差1．625倍，体质量差异最大，最重与最轻相差2．231倍，进入稚鱼期后容易出现相互间残杀。全长与日龄的关系式y=2．6669＋0．2354x-0．0096x^2＋0．0003x^3，R^2=0．979：体质量与日龄的关系式y=0．1755e^0.126x，R^2=0．961：全长与体质量的关系式y=9．3852-4．1574x＋0．4698x^2-0．0029x^3，R^2=0．999。孵化后2．5d开始开口摄食，实验用饵料为轮虫、卤虫无节幼体、配合饵料。春季繁殖鮸仔鱼8日龄前摄食率为70％～80％，饱食率低于5％：9日龄以后的仔鱼摄食率达到90％～100％，饱食率仍仅有5％～10％；35日龄稚鱼摄食率达100％，饱食率10％～20％。春季繁殖的鮸仔鱼卵黄囊吸收耗尽所用时间较自然繁殖的秋季鮸提早1～2d，而油球吸收完毕时间则晚1～2d。[中国水产科学，2008，15（3）：446-452]Feeding habits and growth performance of larvae and juveniles of Miichthys miiuy under artificial rearing conditions in spring were observed. The results showed that the larvae began to feed at about 2.5 d after hatching at water temperature 22.5-29.0 ℃ and salinity 29. During different growth stage the diets were small Brachionus, nauplisr larvae of Chirocephalus and artificial feed respectively. When the larvae were 8 days old, the percentage of stomach with food was 70%-80% and the plump coefficient of stomach was not more than 5%. After 9 days of age, the percentage of stomach with food was 90%-100% and the plump coefficient of stomach was between 5% and 10%. When the larvae were 35 days old, the percentage of stomach with food was 100% and the plump coefficient of stomach was between10% and 20%. The yolk-sac of the larvae hatched in spring was absorbed 1 to 2 d earlier than that of the larvae hatched in autumn; but the oil globules was absorbed 1 to 2 d later. After 49 days old , the total length, length in front of anus, body height and body weight were measured and the corresponding specific growth rate were 4.906 9%, 4.681 5%, 3.553 2% and 11.967 2%, respectively. The difference between maximum and minimum of juvenile body height was minimum with the difference value of 1.625 times, and the difference between maxiumum and minimum of body weight was the maximum with the difference value of 2.231 times , which would result in the juveniles＇ carnage with each other. The relationship of total length and body weight to the age of days were Y=2.666 9＋0.235 4x-0.009 6^x2＋0.000 3x^3, R^2= 0.979, and Y= 0.175 5e0.126 6x, R^2= 0.961, respectively. The relationship of total length to body weight was Y=9.385 2-4.157 4x＋0.469 8x^2-0.002 9x^3, R^2= 0.999. [ Journal of Fishery Sciences of China, 2008, 15 （3） ： 446-452 ]

关 键 词：鮸 生长 摄食 仔鱼 稚鱼 

分 类 号：S965.324[农业科学—水产养殖]