1994～2005年上海市杨浦区急性病毒性肝炎流行特征及趋势分析  

Analysis of the Epidemiological Characteristic and Trend of Acute Viral Hepatitis in Yangpu District from 1994 to 2005

作　　者：王琳[1] 蒋昱伟 胡进[1] 

机构地区：[1]上海市杨浦区疾病预防控制中心,上海200090

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2008年第4期289-292,共4页Preventive Medicine Tribune

基　　金：杨浦区卫生局重点专科建设专项基金赞助项目(项目编号:2006AA002-007)

摘　　要：[目的]了解杨浦区急性病毒性肝炎（以下简称急性肝炎）发病特征，分析流行趋势，为制订社区综合防治策略和措施提供科学依据。[方法]利用EpiDaTa3．02录人1994～2005年本区急性肝炎疫情资料，建立数据库，用SPSS11．5进行趋势分析。[结果31994~2005年杨浦区急性肝炎年均发病率为56．27／10万，总的呈下降趋势。常住居民发病率由1994年的116．95／10万下降至2005年的11．82／10万，暂住人口发病率由1994年的257．33／10万降至2005年的13．79／10万。常住居民、暂住人口急性肝炎年平均发病率差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05）。男性发病率高于女性，差异有统计学意义（P＜0．05），男性发病为同龄女性的1．47～3．33倍。人群年龄分布呈单峰升高曲线，20～40岁为急性肝炎高发人群，发病前5位的职业依次为工人、离退休人员、干部职员、家务及待业和学生，占发病总数的78．35％，儿童、餐饮和保育人员发病数较少；冬春季节性升高趋势逐渐减弱；分型分析显示：甲、丙型肝炎发病数逐年下降，乙、混合型及未定型肝炎发病数逐年上升，戊肝发病数处于一个相对稳定的水平。[结论]杨浦区常住居民、暂住人口急性肝炎发病率呈明显下降趋势，甲型肝炎得到有效控制，乙型及其混合型肝炎防制策略和措施需进一步改进与完善。[Objective]To understand the characteristic of acute viral hepatitis, analyze the trend ot prevalence, provlcte scientific basis for prevention and control measure in the community. [Methods]Data base was established based on the data-in of the prevalence of acute viral hepatitis with EpiDaTa3.02 from 1994 to 2005. Epidemiological analysis was conducted with SPSS 11.5. [Results]The yearly average morbidity of acute viral hepatitis in Yangpu district from 1994 to 2005 was 56.27/100 000. It is tending to decrease. The morbidity of the disease among the residents in this district decreased from 116.95/100 000 in 1994 to 11.82/100 000 in 2005. While the morbidity of the disease decreased from 257.33/ 10 0000 among the floating population in 1994 to 13.75/100 000 in 2005. There was a difference of the morbidity among the different population（ P %0. 05）, The morbidity was higher in male than that in female. There was a difference （ P % 0.05）. The morbidity in male was 1.47-3.33 times as the morbidity in female at the same age. Age distribution showed monomodal rising curve. The morbidity was the highest among the people aged 20 to 40. The first fifth occupations were workers, retired people, government employees, housewives and students, accounting for 78.35 % of the total. The morbidity was lower among the children, employees in catering units and the employees in kindergartens. The trend which had been going up during Spring and Winter was going down. The morbidity of hepatitis A and C decreased year after year. While hepatitis B and mixed type of hepatitis or no type hepatitis was going up year after year. The prevalence of hepatitis E was stable. [Conclusion]The prevalence of acute viral hepatitis among the residents and floating population in Yangpu district was going down. The prevalence of hepatitis A was effectively controlled. The prevention and control measure for hepatitis B and mixed hepatitis must be improved.

关 键 词：病毒性肝炎 发病率 流行特征 

分 类 号：R512.6[医药卫生—内科学]