2002～2004年菏泽市牡丹区出生儿童乙肝疫苗接种情况调查  

Investigation on HB Vaccine Immunization in Children Born in Mudan District of Heze City from 2002 to 2006

作　　者：高海英[1] 孔祥利[1] 李保华[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省菏泽市牡丹区疾病预防控制中心,山东菏泽274014

出　　处：《预防医学论坛》2008年第4期319-320,共2页Preventive Medicine Tribune

摘　　要：[目的]了解菏泽市牡丹区儿童乙肝疫苗接种情况及影响因素。[方法]分为主动调查和被动调查。主动调查采用分层随机抽样法,抽取20个乡80个村792名儿童作为对象进行调查;被动调查为利用乡镇预防接种门诊集中接种机会对18个乡1 535名儿童进行调查。HBsAg携带情况调查则采用分层分阶段随机抽样法,抽取20个乡镇40个自然村341名儿童及其母亲作为调查对象进行调查。[结果]主动调查与被动调查的乙肝疫苗接种率均达95%以上,全程接种率均达90%;儿童HBsAg阳性3人(含1名"0"剂次儿童),母亲HBsAg阳性13人,儿童与母亲HBsAg阳性率差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其中12名HBsAg阳性的母亲所生子女及时全程接种了乙肝疫苗,10名为阴性。[结论]儿童监护人接种意识低、计划外生育是影响乙肝疫苗接种的重要因素,提高家长/监护人乙肝知识认识程度和农村产妇住院分娩率是落实儿童乙肝疫苗接种质量的关键措施。[Objective]To understand HB vaccine immunization among children and influencing factors in Mudan district of Heze city. [Methods] Active and passive investigation was conducted. 792 children from 80 villages of 20 small towns were selected with stratified random sampling method during active investigation. 1 535 children vaccinated in immunization clinics from 18 small towns were investigated during passive investigation. 341 children and their parents selected with stratified interval random sampling method from 40 villages of 20 small towns were investigated on HBsAg. [Results]The coverage of HB vaccine immunization was over 95 % with active and passive investigation. The overall immunization coverage was 90%. 3 children and 13 mothers were HBsAg positive. There was a difference of the positive rate in children and mothers （ P〈0. 05）. 12 HBsAg positive mothers children received full dosage vaccines, 10 of them were negative. [Conclusion]The influencing factors of the coverage were the parents not paying more attention to immunization and the children not born on planning. HB prevention knowledge must be improved for the parents and the delivery rate in hospital for the rural women must be enhanced,in order to ensure the quality of HB vaccine immunization.

关 键 词：乙型肝炎疫苗 接种率 影响因素 表面抗原 

分 类 号：R186.3[医药卫生—流行病学]