带电粒子云的演变过程  

Phase of Orbital Charged Debris Clouds Evolution

作　　者：董云峰[1] 谢松[1] 肖业伦[1] 

机构地区：[1]北京航空航天大学宇航学院,北京100083

出　　处：《空间科学学报》2008年第3期215-221,共7页Chinese Journal of Space Science

摘　　要：根据带电粒子云从破碎点开始向空间扩散过程中粒子云密度和形状的变化规律,以几何形状和起主要作用的因素为特征,定义了球形、椭球形、绳形、螺旋线形、全方位弥漫直至球壳形6个演变阶段.论述了在各个阶段的主要特征和对演变过程起主要作用的因素.分析了在各个阶段电磁场对带电粒子的摄动影响,比较了带电粒子云与不带电粒子云在演化过程上的差异.在球形阶段起主要作用的是分离速度,带电碎片之间的排斥力加快了碎片扩散的速度.从椭球形阶段到球壳形阶段,带电粒子和不带电粒子的演化规律基本一致.带电粒子的演化过程加快或减慢取决于粒子带正电或带负电.将电场摄动力等效于改变地球引力的大小,罗列了阶段转换标志点时刻的计算公式.利用计算机仿真的方法,给出了各个阶段不带电碎片云和带电碎片云分布示意图,验证了演变过程阶段划分和电磁场摄动分析的合理性.Orbital charged debris clouds evolution phase was defined as sphere, spheroid, rope, spiral, spreading and shell, based on the geometry shape and debris density in the evolution from the initial breakup point to the final coverage of Earth. The shape character and the key drive sources of each phase are addressed. The perturbation of charged debris impacted by electromagnetic field in each phase was analyzed. The evolution different between charged debris and uncharged was compared. The separate velocity decides the shape and size during the sphere phase, and the repulsion between debris accelerates separation velocity. The charged debris and uncharged is nearly accordant from spheroid phase to sphere. The charged debris evolution speed would accelerate if debris＇ electric charge polarity is positive and decelerate if polarity is negative. Based on the analysis that the perturbation impacted by electric field was equivalent to the change of gravity, the time mark between the phases was given and calculation formula was listed. The uncharged debris clouds and charged debris clouds evolution phase were visualized though computer simulation, that verified the rationality of phase definition and electromagnetic field perturbation analysis.

关 键 词：带电粒子云 空间碎片 空间环境 轨道动力学 

分 类 号：V520[航空宇航科学与技术—人机与环境工程]