规格差异和饵料密度对杂交鳢(Channa maculate♀×C.argus♂)仔稚鱼残食的影响  

Effects of Size Heterogeneity and Prey Density on Cannibalism among Larval and Juvenile Hybrid Snakehead(Channa maculate♀×C.argus♂)

作　　者：杨凯[1] 樊启学[1] 刘文奎[1] 李波[1] 方巍[1] 

机构地区：[1]华中农业大学水产学院,武汉430070

出　　处：《华中农业大学学报》2008年第2期279-283,共5页Journal of Huazhong Agricultural University

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划(2007BAD37B02)资助

摘　　要：采用试验生态学的方法,研究了残食行为、规格差异和饵料密度对杂交鳢仔稚鱼残食的影响。结果表明:当杂交鳢仔鱼全长达到1.30cm(7日龄)时出现残食。同规格杂交鳢仔稚鱼饱食状况下几乎没有残食现象,而全长2.21cm仔鱼在饥饿状况下表现出了较高的残食率;规格差异越大,残食率越高,全长比为0.57∶1.00、0.50∶1.00、0.39∶1.00的3个试验组的残食率分别为18.35%、46.65%、61.67%,差异显著;饵料缺乏时的残食率显著高于饵料充足时,全长2.21cm杂交鳢仔鱼饲养7d,不投饵和饱食情况下的残食率分别为46.67%和1.11%,差异显著;以日投喂率0%、5%、15%饲养杂交鳢仔稚鱼(全长比为0.50∶1.00)5d,残食率依次为83.33%、35.00%、3.33%,差异显著。可见,规格差异和摄食状况对杂交鳢仔稚鱼的残食都有显著影响。生产上,小个体和大个体全长比低于0.60∶1.00时,及时分池饲养是提高杂交鳢仔稚鱼成活率的重要途径。The present study was conducted to determine the cannibalism of larval hybrid snakehead Channa maculate ♀× C. argus ♂ with the method of experimental ecology. The results indicated that cannibalism appeared in the hybrid snakehead larvae with （1.30±0. 05） cm in total lengthen （TL）. The same size had no significant effect on cannibalism with satiation, whereas size heterogeneity can promote the cannibalism of larval hybrid snakehead. During a 4-day trial,when the ratios of smaller fish to larger fish in TL were 0. 57,0. 50 and 0. 39,the cannibalism rates showed significant differences and the values were 18. 35 %, 46. 65 % and 61.67 %, respectively. Feeding to satiation could significantly reduce the cannibalism occurrence. During a 7-day trial,the cannibalism rates in 2. 21 cm larvae with starvation and sa- tiation were 46. 67% and 1.11% ,respectively. The cannibalism rates were 83.33% ,35.00% and 3. 33%, during a 5-day culturing period,when larvae （0. 50 ： 1.00） ratio of smaller fish to large fish were fed at a ration of 0 %, 5 % and 15 %, respectively. Based on these observations above, size heterogeneity and prey availability were considered to be the significant factors affecting cannibalism during the larval and juvenile period.

关 键 词：杂交鳢 残食 规格差异 饵料密度 

分 类 号：Q959.481[生物学—动物学]