非晶原位晶化法制备纳米微晶陶瓷  

Preparation of Glass-Ceramics with Nano-Crystals by In-Situ Crystallization

作　　者：肖汉宁[1,2] 成茵[2] 余丽萍[3] 

机构地区：[1]湖南大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410082 [2]长沙理工大学材料科学与工程学院,湖南长沙410076 [3]湖南师范大学化学化工学院,湖南长沙410081

出　　处：《稀有金属材料与工程》2008年第A01期28-31,共4页Rare Metal Materials and Engineering

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(50174024);国家"863"计划(2003AA332040)资助项目

摘　　要：用非晶原位晶化法制备纳米陶瓷可克服粉末烧结法中组成不均匀、存在残留气孔和晶粒在烧结过程中快速长大等难题,具有对起始原料的粒度要求不高、晶相含量、结晶形貌和晶粒尺寸可控等优点。本文以天然矿物和工业废渣为主要原料,将粗的原料在1350～1550℃高温下熔融为均质的玻璃体,成型并退火后在适宜的热处理制度下进行核化和晶化,获得了组成均匀、结构致密、晶粒尺寸在纳米或亚微米级的陶瓷材料。结果表明:以CaF_2为晶核剂可获得具有球状纳米级晶粒的显微结构,主晶相为硅灰石(β-CaSiO_3)和透辉石(CaMg(SiO_3)_2);加入钢渣和高炉渣可得到具有针柱状结晶的微晶陶瓷,其显微硬度超过12 GPa,弯曲强度达366 MPa;引入10%和15%ZrO_2的Al_2O_3-SiO_2-ZrO_2系玻璃经1200℃晶化处理后具有显著不同的显微结构。The glass-ceramics prepared by in-situ crystallization have the advantage to control the crystal phases and the morphology of final materials. The processing avoids the problems existing in ceramic sintering such as the heterogeneous compositions, residual pores and the fast growth of nano-particles. This work successfully prepared the glass-ceramics by melting the natural mineral and industrial slag at 1350～1550℃, then annealing and crystallizing under designed heat treatment schedule. Results show that a dense and homogeneous glass-ceramics with a crystal size of 50～200 nm could be obtained by using CaF2 as nucleating agent. The main phases of the glass-ceramics were wollastonite （β-CaSiO3） and diopside （CaMg（SiO3）2）. When iron and steel slag were introduced into the system, the glass ceramics developed a microstructure with needle crystals, which promoted the microhardness and bending strength up to 12 GPa and 336 MPa, respectively. The addition of 10% and 15% ZrO2 in AlEO3-SiO2-ZrO2 glass resulted in very different microstructures after crystallized at 1200 ℃.

关 键 词：非晶态 原位晶化法 纳米陶瓷 显微结构 力学性能 

分 类 号：TQ174.6[化学工程—陶瓷工业]