冠突伪尾柱虫的腹皮层纤毛器微管胞器及其形态发生  

Morphology and morphogenesis of the ciliature microtubular organelles in the ventral cortex of Pseudourostyla cristata (Hyportrichida,Ciliophora)

作　　者：周素娟[1] 尹飞[1] 生欣[1] 顾福康[1] 

机构地区：[1]华东师范大学生命科学学院,上海200062

出　　处：《动物学报》2008年第2期299-308,共10页ACTA ZOOLOGICA SINICA

基　　金：国家自然科学基金资助项目(No.30770238)~~

摘　　要：应用荧光紫杉醇直接荧光标记和抗α-微管蛋白抗体免疫荧光标记方法,显示冠突伪尾柱虫腹皮层纤毛器微管胞器由口围带、波动膜、额腹横棘毛和左右缘棘毛等纤毛器微管、纤毛器基部附属微管等组成。口围带基部含小膜托架及与托架相联系的肋壁微管,其中领部小膜托架间由"∧"形微管相联接;额腹横棘毛基部含前纵微管束、后纵微管束、横微管束和周围微管束,其微管在不同棘毛基部的发达程度不一,其中两列中腹棘毛基部微管紧密联系成一条粗绳索样结构,且左、右中腹棘毛基部的横微管束定向相反;左、右缘棘毛基部含前纵微管束、后纵微管束和横微管束,其中横微管束不发达。与目前已知的腹毛目纤毛虫例如贻贝棘尾虫、魏氏拟尾柱虫的纤毛器基部微管相比较,冠突伪尾柱虫腹皮层纤毛器基部微管除具有腹毛目纤毛虫纤毛器基部微管的基本特征外,也具有一些特殊的组成模式。皮层纤毛器微管形态发生中,前仔虫口围带并非全部是由老口围带更新而来的,其老口围带只有翻领部发生更新,且翻领部与领部接续处有一小段老的翻领部小膜保留,领部的小膜保留,结果其领部小膜、接续处保留的小膜与更新的翻领部小膜三部分共同组成前仔虫的新口围带。在后仔虫口原基发生的位置,其邻近的老横棘毛没有变化,此时老的横棘毛或许能起到"参照点"或定位作用;各类纤毛器发生、分化过程中,处于非原基区的老额棘毛、横棘毛及左右缘棘毛在较长时间内均未见明显的变化。它们可能是在新结构形成时仍然起到运动作用继而逐渐失去功能而退化瓦解的。The ciliature microtubular organelles in the ventral cortex of Pseudourostyla cristata were visualized by using direct FLUTAX and immunofluorescent labeling with antibody against α-tubulin. The organelles consist of adoral zone of membranelles （AZM） , undulating membranes （UM）, frontal-midventral-transverse cirri （FVTC） , left and right marginal cirri （L-and RMC） and the base-associated microtubules, etc. In the basal part of the AZM, there are membranelle brackets and the associated oral rib-wall microtubules. The membranelle brackets located in the collar portion are connected with A-shaped microtubules. There are four types of microtubules at the base of FVTC： anterior longitudinal microtubules （ALM）, posterior longitudinal microtubules （PLM）, transverse microtubules （TM） and radiate microtubules （RM）. These different types of microtubules differ from each other in developmental degree. The base-associated microtubules of the two rows of ventral cirri （VC） assemble close to form a cord-like structure and TIM of the two rows of VC extend in opposite directions. The base-associated microtubules of L-and RMC contained ALM, PLM, and developing TM. The above observations indicate that compared with other hypotrichous ciliates （e. g.Stylonychia mytihts and Paraurostyla weissei ）, the base-associated microtubules in the ventral cortex of Pseudourostyla cristata possess some special structural characters. It was observed that during the process of the morphogenesis of the ciliatures, AZM of proter was generated from the renewed lapel part of AZM （ AZM-L）, the old AZM-C as well as the conserved minor intersection between AZM-L and AZM-C. It might be deduced that when oral primordium （OP） of opisthe began to occur, the intact transverse cirri （TC） might play a role of ＂reference point＂ or ＂orientation＂ for the occurrence of OP; during the morphogenesis and differentiation of the ciliatures, the old cirri （e.g. frontal cirri, transverse cirri and marginal c

关 键 词：冠突伪尾柱虫 腹皮层 纤毛器微管胞器 荧光标记 形态发生 

分 类 号：Q954[生物学—动物学]