铜锌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)研究进展——从基因到功能(英文)  

Study Progress of Cu,Zn Superoxide Dismutase——From Gene to Function

作　　者：王昌禄[1] 曹俊武[2] 王玉荣[1] 陈勉华[1] 陈志强[1] 田少然[2] 

机构地区：[1]天津科技大学食品科学与生物技术学院,天津300457 [2]天津科技大学生物工程学院,天津300457

出　　处：《现代生物医学进展》2008年第5期940-943,共4页Progress in Modern Biomedicine

摘　　要：超氧化物歧化酶(SOD,EC 1.15.1.1),己经在多种组织中发现,它能将O_2-催化生成H_2O_2及O_2。迄今为止,已经从哺乳动物体内分离出三种SOD:CuZnSOD(SOD1)、MnSOD(SOD2)及EC-SOD(胞外超氧化物歧化酶,SOD3),各自具有不同的生化及分子特性。CuZnSOD(SOD1),是一类含有Cu及Zn原子的二聚体,存在于特定细胞的基质内,约占SOD总量的90%。在胞质及周质中,SOD以二聚体形式存在,而在线粒体及质外,则以四聚体形式存在。在保护脑、肺及其它组织的氧化应激中,CuZnSOD被认为起着保护作用。运动神经元肌萎缩侧索硬化症(ALS),据称也与同源二聚体CuZnSOD的错误折叠有关,已经报导,有多个CuZnSOD基因位点突变与ALS有关。本文将从基因的结构、表达、调节及蛋白的结构与功能等方面,对CuZnSOD进行简要论述。Superoxide Dismutase （SOD）（EC 1. 15. 1. 1 ） is a metalloenzyme that is found in almost all organisms and catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide anion radical to hydrogen peroxide and molecular oxygen. Three unique and highly compartmentalized mammalian SOD have been biochemically and molecularly characterized to date： Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase （CuZnSOD, SOD1 ）, MnSOD （Manganese Superoxide Dismutase, SOD2 ） and EC-SOD （Extracellular Superoxide Dismutase, SOD3 ）. Cu, Zn superoxide dismutase （CuZnSOD, SODI ） is a copper and zinc-containing homodimer that is found almost exclusively in intracellular cytoplasmic spaces. CuZnSOD is widely distributed and comprises about 90% of the total SOD. Cytoplasmic and periplasmic SOD exists as dimers, whereas chloroplastic and extracellular enzymes exist as tetramers. Structure supports independent fimctional evolution in prokaryotes and eukaryotes. CuZnSOD are thought to protect the brain, lungs, and other tissues from oxidative stress. This paper reviewed the gene, molecular and chemical structure and biological function of CuZnSOD.

关 键 词：超氧化物歧化酶 CUZNSOD REVIEW 

分 类 号：Q78[生物学—分子生物学]