不同土壤水分处理对膜上灌春小麦土壤温度的影响  

Effect of different soil moisture treatments on soil temperature of plastic film mulched spring wheat

作　　者：陈丽娟[1] 张新民 王小军[3] 成自勇[1] 单鱼洋[1] 

机构地区：[1]甘肃农业大学工学院,兰州730070 [2]甘肃省水利水电科学研究院,兰州730000 [3]广东省水利水电科学研究院,广州510610

出　　处：《农业工程学报》2008年第4期9-13,共5页Transactions of the Chinese Society of Agricultural Engineering

基　　金：国家高科技农业“863”计划,北方干旱内陆河灌区(甘肃张掖)节水农业综合技术体系集成与示范(2002AA6Z3191)

摘　　要：依据膜上灌春小麦大田试验资料,研究了地膜覆盖和露地处理不同土壤水分亏缺水平对土壤温度变化特征的影响。结果表明:不同土壤水分处理对土壤温度的影响差异较大,覆膜重度水分亏缺处理土壤温度在全生育期始终较高,日最高土壤温度较露地丰水处理高9.8℃,而覆膜丰水、轻度与中度水分亏缺处理日最高土壤温度依次较露地丰水高6.4℃、4.6℃和1.7℃;受不同因素影响,三叶期和灌浆期各处理间土壤温度差异较大,日变幅分别在2.1～11.4℃和2.4～13.5℃之间;在不同土层中,各处理土壤温度变化幅度大致沿深度递减,0cm土壤温度日变幅最大,为34.6～40.9℃,25cm处土壤温度日变幅最小,为3.0～3.5℃,0～5cm处除覆膜轻度和中度处理之间无显著性差异,其余各处理均达到极显著差异。试验结果将对膜上灌春小麦土壤温度调控及制定合理的灌溉制度提供理论依据。Effects of soil moisture under different treatments on the changes of soil temperature were analyzed according to the field experiment of plastic film mulched and non-mulched spring wheat. The results show that the difference of soil temperature among different soil moisture treatments is remarkable. Soil temperature under severe water deficit treatment is higher than that under other water deficit treatments in the whole growth stage of spring wheat, and the daily maximum temperature is 9.8℃ higher than that under the well-watering treatments on non-mulched field. And the daily maximum soil temperature under the well-watering treatment, the light water deficit treatment and the medium water deficit treatment on plastic film mulched wheat is 6.4℃, 4.6℃ and 1.7℃ higher than that under the well-watering treatments, respectively. Influenced by the different factors, there is a remarkable difference of soil temperature during the trefoil stage and filling stage, which the range of daily soil temperature varies from 2.1 ℃ to 11.4℃, and from 2.4℃ to 13.5 ℃, respectively. The variation of daily soil temperature decreases from the top （34.6-40.9 ℃） to 25cm depth （3.0 -3.5℃）. There is no significant difference under the light water deficit and the medium water deficit treatment on plastic film mulched wheat at the depth of 0-5cm from the top. There is extremly significant difference among other treatments. The research results provids a theory basis for regulating soil temperature of plastic film mulched spring wheat and establishing irrigation schedule.

关 键 词：春小麦 地膜覆盖 土壤水分 土壤温度 

分 类 号：S152.8[农业科学—土壤学]