旱平地新建梨园微型集水保水系统试验研究报告  

A Study on the Application of Runoff Gathering and Conservation Technology to New Pear Orchard in Arid Flat Field

作　　者：桑选民[1] 马光跃[1] 申仲妹[1] 赵玉良[1] 柯源泉[1] 

机构地区：[1]山西省农科院园艺研究所

出　　处：《干旱地区农业研究》1997年第4期45-50,共6页Agricultural Research in the Arid Areas

摘　　要：通过在旱平地新建梨园行间修筑屋脊式双面产流坡，并用专用地膜覆盖坡面，使天然降水通过膜面径流至植树带（集水区），产流率由１９９５年５９．６％提高到１９９６年的７７．４％。１９９５年５月２６日～８月３１日共发生有效降水３０２．８ｍｍ，集水区实得总水量８４４．２ｍｍ，比对照区自然降水增加５４１．４ｍｍ，计纯增１．７９倍；１９９６年５月２３日～１０月２３日共发生有效降水５４９．６ｍｍ，集水区实得水量１８２５．１ｍｍ，增加水量１２７５．５ｍｍ，计纯增２．３２倍。处理区（集水区）梨树的根径平均粗２４．１ｍｍ，比对照２１．９ｍｍ增加了２．６ｍｍ；处理树平均高度为１７７．６４ｃｍ，比对照１４８．８５ｃｍ增加２８．７９ｃｍ，计增加１９．３％；处理区树的新梢平均生长总量为４７３．０ｃｍ，比对照３３６．８ｃｍ增加１３６．２ｃｍ，计增加了４０．４％。土壤湿度在降水少的５、６月份，处理分别极显著地高于对照。Along the alleyway between the planting strips in which pear trees were planted in spring 1995, two side runoff slopes like gable roof covered with plastic film were built, where rainfall ran off to the planting strip efficiently. The runoff rate increased from 59.6% in 1995 to 77.4% in 1996. From May 26 to Aug. 31, 1995, the total rainfall was 302.8 mm. Water that ran off to the tree strip was 844.2 mm and increased by 541.4 mm or 1.79 fold in contrast with CK. From May 23 to Oct. 23, 1996, the total rainfall was 549.6mm. Water that ran off to the tree strip was 1825.1 mm and increased by 1 275.5 mm or 2.32 fold in contrast with CK. The mean trunk diametre, height and total new shoots growth of the tree were 24.1 mm, 177.64 mm and 473.0 mm, respectively, with the increment being 2.6 mm, 28.79 cm and 136.2 cm compared to 21.9 mm, 148.85 cm and 336.8 cm of CK. The soil moisture was greater than that of CK from May to June when the rainfall was little.

关 键 词：产流坡 微型径流 集水区 梨园建设 旱平地 

分 类 号：S661.2[农业科学—果树学]