镰形臂尾轮虫和尾突臂尾轮虫的生活史特征比较  

Characteristics in life history of Brachionus forcatus and B.caudatus:A comparative study

作　　者：陶李祥[1] 席贻龙[1] 胡存兵[1] 

机构地区：[1]安徽师范大学生命科学学院安徽省高校生物环境与生态安全省级重点实验室,安徽芜湖241000

出　　处：《应用生态学报》2008年第5期1104-1109,共6页Chinese Journal of Applied Ecology

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(30270221;30499341);安徽省优秀青年基金项目(04043050);安徽省高校生物环境与生态安全省级重点实验室专项科研基金项目(2004sys003);重要生物资源的保护和利用研究安徽省重点实验室专项基金资助项目

摘　　要：应用单个体培养方法,以浓度为3.0×106cells.ml-1的斜生栅藻为食物,在18℃、23℃、28℃和33℃的温度梯度下比较了镰形臂尾轮虫和尾突尾轮虫的生活史特征.结果表明:18℃和23℃下,尾突臂尾轮虫的生殖期和平均寿命均显著长于镰形臂尾轮虫,产卵量也显著大于镰形臂尾轮虫;28℃下,2种轮虫的各主要发育阶段历时、平均寿命和产卵量均无显著差异;33℃下,镰形臂尾轮虫的生殖期和生殖后期历时以及平均寿命均显著长于尾突臂尾轮虫,产卵量显著大于尾突臂尾轮虫.18℃下,尾突臂尾轮虫的生命期望、净生殖率和种群内禀增长率均显著大于镰形臂尾轮虫;23℃和28℃下,尾突臂尾轮虫的生命期望显著长于镰形臂尾轮虫,而其他种群增长参数间均无显著差异;33℃下,镰形臂尾轮虫的世代时间、生命期望、净生殖率和种群内禀增长率均极显著大于尾突臂尾轮虫.2种轮虫的主要发育阶段历时、平均寿命、产卵量、世代时间、生命期望、净生殖率和种群内禀增长率对温度变化的反应也存在差异.研究结果表明,尾突臂尾轮虫更能适应较低的环境温度,而镰形臂尾轮虫则相反.By the method of individual culture and with 3.0 × 10^6 cells · ml^-1 of Scenedesmus obliquus as the food, a comparative study was made on the characteristics in life history of Brachionusforcatus and B. caudatus at 18 ℃, 23 ℃, 28℃ and 33℃. The results showed that at 18℃ and 23℃, both the reproductive stage and the mean lifespan of B. caudatus were longer than those of B. forcatus, and the number of eggs produced by B. caudatus in its whole life was larger than that by B. forcatus. At 28℃, there were no significant differences between B. forcatus and B. caudatus in the durations of their main development stages, mean lifespan, and the number of eggs produced. At 33℃, the reproductive and post-reproductive stages and the mean lifespan of B. forcatus were longer than those of B. caudatus, and the number of eggs produced by B. forcatus in its whole life was larger than that by B. caudatus. At 18℃, the life expectancy at hatching, net reproductive rate, and intrinsic rate of population increase were all larger for B. caudatus than for B. forcatus; but at 23℃ and 28℃, only the life expectancy at hatching was larger for B. caudatus than for B. forcatus. When the temperature reached 33℃, the generation time, life expectancy at hatching, net reproductive rate, and intrinsic rate of population increase were all larger for B. forcatus than for B. caudatus. There also existed differences between B. forcatus and B. caudatus in the responses of the durations of their main development stages, mean lifespan, number of eggs produced in whole life, generation time, life expectancy at hatching, net reproductive rate, and intrinsic rate of population increase to increasing temperature. B. caudatus was more adaptable to lower temperature, while B. forcatus was in adverse.

关 键 词：镰形臂尾轮虫 尾突臂尾轮虫 温度 生活史参数 

分 类 号：Q958[生物学—动物学]