不同基因型小麦氮营养效率的差异  

GENOTYPIC DIFFERENCES IN N-EFFICIENCY OF DIFFERENT WHEAT VARIETIES IN NINGXIA

作　　者：何文寿[1] 储燕宁[1] 王彦才[1] 杨发 

机构地区：[1]宁夏农学院,宁夏永宁750105 [2]彭阳县农技推广中心,宁夏彭阳756500

出　　处：《宁夏农学院学报》1997年第4期29-34,共6页Journal of Ningxia Agricultural College

基　　金：国家自然科学基金;区教委资助

摘　　要：通过土培和水培试验，系统研究了宁夏6个小麦品种氨营养效率差异的表现型特征。结果表明：（1）氮营养效率在供试品种间存在着极大的差异。在低氮条件下，籽粒产量、干物质生长量、总吸氮量、氮运转效率及经济利用效率等表现型指标在品种问的差异顺序均为宁春10号＞13号＞4号＞16号＞14号＞15号；在高氮条件下差异顺序为宁春10号＞4号＞16号＞13号＞14号＞15号。（2）上述表现型指标都可作为筛选和鉴定N－高效基因型的有用指标。（3）在低氮条件下，吸收、运转和利用氮能力较强的基因型，产量较高；高氮条件下并无必然联系。（4）按氮营养效率高低划分，宁春10号为N－高效基因型，宁春4、13、14、16号为N－中效基因型，宁春15号为N－低放基因型。Pot and water culture experiments were conducted to study systematically genotypic differences in N-efficiency of six varieties of wheat in Ningxia. The results obtained are as follows: 1)There was a great difference in N-efficiency between varieties tested. At a low N (deficiency) level, the phenotypic indeces of grain yield, shoot biomass, total N of accumulation in shoot, N-efficiencies of translocation and. utilization of the varieties decreased in the order: NC (Ningchun ) 10＞NC13＞NC4＞NC16＞NC14＞NC15. At a high N level (sufficient). they decreased in the order: NC10＞NC4＞NC16＞NC13＞NC14＞NC15; 2)All these phenotypic indeces mentioned above may be Lized as the indeces for sefeeting and identifying high N-efficiency genotype: 3)The varieties which had a greater potential of absorbing, translocating and utilizing N from the soil at a low N level could obtain higher yield than others. However. the relations between them were not certain at a high N level; 4)According to N-efficency, the varieties tested could be divided into 3 groups. They were the genotypes of high N-efficiency (NC10). mediately N-efficiency (NC4, 13, 14, 16 )and low N-efficiency (NC15), respectively.

关 键 词：小麦 基因型 氮营养效率 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]