小麦穗粒数的调节 Ⅱ开花前遮光对穗碳水化合物代谢和内源激素水平的影响  

Regulation of Grain Number in Wheat Ⅱ Effects of Shading on Carbohydrate Metabolism and Hormone Levels in Spikes before Anthesis

作　　者：王志敏[1] 王树安[1] 苏宝林[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业大学农学院

出　　处：《华北农学报》1997年第4期42-47,共6页Acta Agriculturae Boreali-Sinica

摘　　要：在小麦开花前１６～８ｄ和开花前８ｄ至开花期进行遮光处理（遮光率７０％～８０％）分别使穗粒数减少了３７％和２３％。在处理期间，遮光穗的还原糖（葡萄糖＋果糖）和果聚糖浓度显著低于对照穗，而蔗糖浓度与对照差异较小。遮光处理降低了穗中蔗糖－蔗糖果糖基转移酶（ＳＳＴ）和可溶性酸性转化酶（ＡＩ）的活性。分析穗器官吲哚乙酸（ＩＡＡ）、玉米素／玉米素核苷（Ｚ／ＺＲ）和脱落酸（ＡＢＡ）含量表明，遮光处理对穗中ＩＡＡ和Ｚ／ＺＲ水平没有明显影响，但显著提高了穗中ＡＢＡ水平。这些结果暗示，遮光限制了同化物供给，也限制了穗库对同化物的转化和利用；穗库活性的下降可能与ＡＢＡ水平的上升有关。Shading treatments (70～80% light) in 16-8 days and 8-0 days before anthesis decreased grain numbers of wheat spike by 36% and 22%, respectively. The concentrations of reducing sugar and fructan and the activities of sucrosesucrose fructosyltransferase(SST) and soluble acid invertase(AI) were lower in shaded spikes than that in unshaded spikes.Shading did not alter the levels of indoleacetic acid and zeatin/zeatin riboside,but increased the level of abscisic acid (ABA) in the spikes. It is suggested that source limiting could decrease sink ability of wheat spike in using assimilates, maybe,through a influence on the ABA level of spike.

关 键 词：小麦 穗粒数 碳水化合物 激素 遮光 

分 类 号：S512.101[农业科学—作物学]