稀土废水中高浓度氨氮处理与回收试验研究  

Experimental research on treatment and recovery of high concentration of ammonium nitrogen in rare earths wastewater

作　　者：黄海明[1] 晏波[1] 陈启华[1] 傅忠[1] 肖贤明[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院广州地球化学研究所有机地球化学国家重点试验室

出　　处：《环境工程学报》2008年第5期652-655,共4页Chinese Journal of Environmental Engineering

摘　　要：为处理稀土分离排放的高浓度NH4^＋-N废水,采用模拟废水研究了在不同条件下减压蒸馏回收氯化铵对馏出液中NH4^＋-N浓度变化影响。发现真空度、不同浓度范围及溶液pH对馏出液中NH4^＋-N浓度有显著影响,在真空度为0.07MPa,溶液pH为3~4条件下蒸馏,可使馏出液中NH4^＋-N浓度〈15 mg/L。实际废水验证试验表明,废水经气浮除油、氨水中和、适量重金属沉淀剂DTCR去除重金属及活性炭吸附微量重金属及油类物质等预处理后,减压蒸馏可获得较高品质氯化铵产品,经分析达到工业级合格产品,馏出液可作为自来水回用于生产。对废水处理成本和收益进行了估算,发现每处理1 m^3废水可获得67.1元的经济收入,实现较高的经济效益和生态环境效益。In order to treat the high concentration of NH4^＋ -N wastewater discharged from rare earths separation, using synthetic wastewater, the effects of vacuum distillation recovering ammonium chloride on different conditions on the change of NH4＋ -N content in condensate were investigated, finding that vacuum degree, different ranges of content and pH of solution had obvious effects on NH4^＋-N content in condensate. Under conditions of vacuum degree of 0.07 MPa and pH of 3 - 4 in solution, the content of NH4 -N in condensate was less than 15 mg/L by vacuum distillation. Verification test showed that high quality of ammonium chloride was obtained by vacuum distillation after actual wastewater through the pretreatment getting rid of oil in a dissolved air floating device, neutralizing by ammonia, removing heavy metals using proper dosage of chelating precipitating agent （DT- CR） for heavy metals and absorbing minim heavy metals and oil using activated carbon and so on, and it reached to eligible product of industry-level by analyses. The condensate was used as tap water returned to production. Operating costs and recovery income of wastewater treatment were estimated, finding that the economic income of treating 1 m^3 wastewater was 67. 1 RMB and high economic benefit and ecological environmental benefit were obtained.

关 键 词：真空蒸发 NH4^+-N废水 真空度 回收 

分 类 号：X703[环境科学与工程—环境工程]