4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑苦味酸盐的合成与性能  

Synthesis and Properties of 4-Amino-1,2,4-triazole Picrate

作　　者：夏云霞[1] 王平[1] 孙杰[1] 董海山[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国工程物理研究院化工材料研究所,四川绵阳621900

出　　处：《精细化工》2008年第5期445-448,共4页Fine Chemicals

基　　金：中国工程物理研究院发展基金重大资助项目(2007A03002)~~

摘　　要：以4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑和苦味酸为原料合成了含能化合物4-氨基-1,2,4-三唑苦味酸盐(4-ATPA),其结构经元素分析、FTIR、MS和1HNMR表征。在甲醇和乙醇溶液中获得了两种不同显微形貌的4-ATPA晶体,SEM分析表明,它们分别为长柱形和椭球形,XRD及DSC分析表明它们的晶型相同。X射线单晶衍射计算得到晶体密度为1.720g/cm3。经测定,4-ATPA的部分热性能及机械感度为:熔点195.26℃,400℃下不分解,真空安定性实验(VST)0.16mL.g-1(120℃,48h),失重(TG)0.14%(120℃,48h);撞击感度为4%、摩擦感度为0%(90°)、特性落高H50=87.4cm(5kg落锤),均优于TNT,静电火花感度V50=3.909kV,E50=0.233J,与环三亚甲基三硝胺(RDX)相当,5s爆发点360℃,1000s临界温度251℃。结果表明:4-ATPA有良好的综合热稳定性和较低的机械感度,是一种综合性能优良的炸药。An energy compound 4-amino-1,2,4-triazole picrate （4-ATPA） was synthesized using 4- amino-1,2,4-triazole and picric acid. Its structure was characterized by elementary analysis, FTIR, MS and / ^1HNMR. Two mierographie crystals （ column and ellipse） were obtained from methanol and ethanol solvent,respectively, as observed by SEM, but they were the same crystal phase by XRD and DSC analysis. The crystal density was 1. 720 g/cm^3 by X-ray single-crystal diffraction analysis. Some thermal properties and mechanical sensitivity were measured：melting point 195.26 ℃ ,undeeomposed until 400 ℃ ,vacuum stability test （VST） 0. 16 mL . g^-l（ 120 ℃ ,48 h） ,weight loss（TG） 0. 14% （120 ℃ ,48 h） ; impact sensitivity 4%, friction sensitivity 0% （ 90° ）, the characteristic high H50 = 87.4 cm （ 5 kg hammer） , all better than those of TNT ; sensitivity to electrostatic spark V50= 3. 909 kV, E50 = 0. 233 J, equal to that of RDX;5 s thermal explosion delay 360 ℃ and 1 000 s hot plate test 251 ℃. These results show that 4-ATPA has good thermal stability and low mechanical sensitivity, so it is an explosive with excellent comprehensive performance.

关 键 词：4-氨基-1  2  4-三唑苦味酸盐(4-ATPA) 三唑 苦味酸 炸药 

分 类 号：TQ252.6[化学工程—有机化工]