污灌对地下水的污染及防治对策  

Groundwater contamination caused by wastewater irrigation and its controlling countermeasures

作　　者：王昭[1] 杨国华 陈玺[1] 费宇红[1] 张凤娥[1] 陈京生[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国地质科学院水文地质环境地质研究所,石家庄050061 [2]郑州工业贸易学校,郑州450007

出　　处：《水文地质工程地质》2008年第3期99-103,共5页Hydrogeology & Engineering Geology

基　　金：水环所基本科研业务费项目(SK07013);国土资源大调查项目“地下水污染调查评价技术方法研究与信息系统建设”(1212010634610)

摘　　要：科学利用污水灌溉可以在一定程度上缓解水资源紧缺问题,但如果不进行科学管理,污水灌溉就可能会引起地下水污染。文章回顾了污水灌溉引发的地下水污染方面的研究成果,讨论了污水中可能污染地下水的组分,重点讨论了硝酸盐、硬度、重金属、病原微生物、有机污染物在水土系统中的迁移和衰减机理以及影响这些组分迁移至地下水的因素,最后提出了防治污水灌溉引发地下水污染的建议和今后的研究方向。Wastewater irrigation can save water resources to a certain extent, but irrational utilization of wastewater can also cause pollution of groundwater. This paper reviews such an issue caused by wastewater irrigation in different cases, which is normally identified as increasing nitrate, hardness, heavy metals, pathogenic microbes, and organic compounds in groundwater. The mechanisms of migration and natural attenuation of pollutants are discussed, and the factors influencing the transport and transformation of contaminants in vadose zone are also examined. Subsequently, the measures to prevent the side effects of wastewater irrigation and the further studies on these topics were proposed.

关 键 词：地下水 污水灌溉 硝酸盐 重金属 有机污染 

分 类 号：X523[环境科学与工程—环境工程]