西北四省(区)儿童健康状况分析报告  

The analysis of annual report of child hygiene in northwest

作　　者：郑全庆[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安医科大学,710061

出　　处：《中国初级卫生保健》1997年第11期24-26,共3页Chinese Primary Health Care

摘　　要：为了解西北地区的儿童健康状况,我们对1996年陕西、青海、宁夏和新疆四省(区)的妇幼卫生年报进行汇总分析。结果:(1)在西北四省(区)中,婴儿死亡率最低的是陕西省(21.34‰);最高的是青海省(61.70‰)。与1995年相比,陕西、宁夏、新疆三省(区)的婴儿死亡率均有所下降,但青海省的婴儿死亡率(61.70‰)却高于1995年(49.48‰)。新生儿死亡率与婴儿死亡率之比分别为7O.47％(陕西)、67.53％(青海)、52.67％(新疆)、68.60％(宁夏)。从新生儿死亡率与婴儿死亡率之比来看,各省均低于或接近70％。(2)1996年5岁以下儿童死亡率,除青海省外,均比1995年有所下降,但仍然比全国的平均水平(26.99‰)要高许多。(3)在5岁儿童体重低于:中位数—2SD”百分比这一指标中,除青海省该指标为8.73％以上,另外3省(区)均低于<5％,说明营养问题在该地区还不算是重要问题。另外,从低出生体重百分比这一指标来看,低出生体重百分比均较低(<2％),但是5岁儿童体重低于“中位数—2SD”百比这一指标中又均接近4％左右,从低出生体重百分比<2％到5岁儿童体重低于“中位数—2SD”百分比接近4％,说明出生后该地区仍有营养跟不上的问题。(4)在7岁以下儿童保健系统管理、3岁儿童保健系统管理和新生儿访视3个指标中青海省的率最低,分别仅有15.96％、11.In order to learn the child health status in northwest, the author analyzed the annual report of maternity and child hygiene in 1996. Result showed that 1. The infant mortality rate in Shanxi province was the lowest in northwest, but the rate in Qinghai was the highest. Compared with 1995. the infant mortality rates in Shanxi, Nixia and Xinjiang province had decreased, but the rate in Qinghai had increased. The proportions of the newborn mortality rate to the infant mortality rate were 70. 47% in Shanxi, 67. 52% in Qinghai, 52. 67% in Xinjiang and 68. 60% in Nixia respectively. All the proportions in the provinces were not exceed 70%. 2. Excepting Qinghai, the mortality rates of child under 5 in northwest in 1996 had reduced, as compared with last year. But the rates were still high level in whole countries. 3. The indexes of weight of child under 5 being lower than the 'middle-2sd' were not exceed 5% except Qinghai. According to the, the malnutritional status in this areas were not serious. 4. All the indexes of administration system of child care under 7, under 3 and newborn follow - up in Qinghai were the lowest in northwest. 5. The factors of infiuncing infant mortality rate were the rate of prenatal care, the rate of the first three month prenatal care and the rate of administration system of child care under 7.

关 键 词：儿童 保健 婴儿 死亡率 新生儿 

分 类 号：R174[医药卫生—妇幼卫生保健]