“桔/橘”使用变异探析--汉字使用实态个案研究  

Variation of Two Chinese Characters in Use:"桔"vs."橘":A Case Study on the Use of Chinese Characters

作　　者：陆书伟[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京大学文学院,南京210093

出　　处：《语言文字应用》2008年第2期41-49,共9页Applied Linguistics

摘　　要："桔""橘"二字古已有之,二字本义不同。"桔"字至少在清初开始由广东乡间俗用表示"橘柚"中的一个种类,后来逐步扩散到现代标准语当中,与"橘"形成一对词汇变异形式。在当代辞书中对"桔"字的地位有不同的说法。考察语料及实际调查可知,"桔"字表"橘"之义已有广泛的群众基础和时间深度。在当代人们的使用中,"桔"字比"橘"占明显优势,辞书和教学应注重语言文字使用实态。The Chinese characters 桔 and 橘 share the same pronunciation ＂jú＂, but differ semantically in etymology. Back to the early Qing Dynasty, 桔 referred to a particular kind of citrus 橘柚 in colloquial Cantonese, then it gradually extended its denotation in modern Standard Chinese, and coexisted with 橘 as its lexical variant. Different dictionaries give different definitions to桔, mainly refer to 桔 as a popular form of橘, and some even argue that 桔is a misuse of 橘. It is suggested that the real status of language use should be the focus of contemporary dictionaries and language teachers and words like 桔 should be recognized, since 桔 has been in wider use than 橘 has.

关 键 词：“桔”“橘”变异 借用 扩散 

分 类 号：H12[语言文字—汉语]