超临界CO2协助聚丙烯固相接枝研究进展  

Advances in Supercritical CO_2 Assisted Grafting of Polypropylene in Solid State

作　　者：王鉴[1] 冉玉霞[1] 丁丽丽[2] 王德秋[1] 

机构地区：[1]大庆石油学院化学化工学院,黑龙江大庆163318 [2]中国石油天然气股份有限公司大庆石化分公司,黑龙江大庆163714

出　　处：《化学反应工程与工艺》2008年第2期173-177,共5页Chemical Reaction Engineering and Technology

基　　金：黑龙江省科技攻关课题(GZ06A402)

摘　　要：综述了超临界CO_2(SC CO_2)协助聚丙烯(PP)固相接枝的反应动力学模型以及接枝机理。超临界CO_2使固相接枝的动力学由扩散控制转变为反应控制,接枝机理与普通固相接枝无本质区别,只是断链降解和单体自聚的倾向大大减小。讨论了影响接枝反应的要素,发现在CO_2的存在下用双单体进行接枝,将系统在高温低压下溶胀至平衡态并且进行适速搅拌可以提高接枝率,而缓慢减压有利于保持原料固有的物理性能。超临界CO_2的诱导结晶作用降低了产品的结晶性,但其作为小分子介质提高了产品的韧性和塑性等力学性能。The kinetic model and grafting mechanism of the supercritical （SC）CO2 asslstea gralung of polypropylene （PP） in the solid state were reviewed. The overall grafting reaction rate was controlled by diffusion process without SC CO2, while it was controlled by the grafting reaction step with SC CO2. The grafting mechanism had no essential difference between the supercritical （SC） CO2 assisted grafting and common grafting, but β-scission and selfpolymerization of monomer were suppressed with SC CO2. Several factors affecting grafting reaction were discussed in detail and it could improve grafting rate by taking binary monomers to graft at low pressure and high temperature with SC CO2 under moderate stirring speed during reaction. Physical properties of PP would not be damaged when CO2 in the reactor was discharged slowly. The crystal inducement of SC CO2 could decrease crystallization of modified PP and as medium, it could improve mechanical properrties of PP, such as plasticity and toughness, and so on.

关 键 词：聚丙烯 超临界二氧化碳 动力学模型 机理 接枝 

分 类 号：TQ316.343[化学工程—高聚物工业]