不同施用方式下酸性土坡地污泥磷素随径流迁移的研究  

Phosphorus Loss Along with Runoff from Sloping Plots on Acid Soil Applied with Sewage Sludge in Different Ways

作　　者：陈炎辉[1] 陈文祥 王果[1] 杨舜成 陈明华 苏惠丽[1] 

机构地区：[1]福建农林大学资源与环境学院,福建福州350002 [2]福建省水土保持试验站,福建福州350003

出　　处：《农业环境科学学报》2008年第3期1116-1122,共7页Journal of Agro-Environment Science

基　　金：教育部重点项目(204075);福建省教育厅重点项目;福建省科技厅重大专项前期研究项目(2005YZ1001)

摘　　要：采用野外原位模拟试验方法,研究了以撒施和穴施施用于酸性赤红壤坡地上的污泥磷在人工降雨条件下,随径流的迁移情况。历时近一年的试验结果表明,穴施处理的磷素径流流失比撒施明显降低,而污泥撒施后24h径流中TP、TDP和TPP浓度和流失量最高,其中TP浓度为8.94mg·L-1,TP流失量为167.4mg·m-2,占撒施TP累积流失量的65.2%,分别是穴施TP对应峰值的19倍和7倍,此后磷浓度和流失量逐渐降低,TP浓度和流失量最低值分别为0.50mg·L-1和4.0mg·m-2,为穴施最低值的1.9倍和1倍。TPP是TP流失的主要形式(>96%),各处理TP浓度和流失量随颗粒物浓度和流失量的增加而升高,撒施处理的升幅高于穴施和对照。The loss of phosphorous along with runoff from sloping plots on a lateritic soil amended with sewage sludge applied in two ways, hole-applied and broadcasted then mixed with surface soil, was studied under artificial rainfall conditions during about one year. The P loss with runofffrom the hole-applied plots was much lower than that from broadcasted plots. When the sludge was broadcasted then mixed with surface soil, the concentrations of total phosphorus （TP）, total dissolved phosphorus （TDP） and total particulate phosphorus （TPP） in the runoff were highest within 24 h after application. The TP concentration and loss amount were 8.94 mg·L^-1 and 167.4 mg·m^-2, and were 19 and 7 times compared with corresponding peak values of the hole-applied plots. The loss of TP in first runoff accounted for 65.2% of the cumulative TP loss amount for the broadcasted treatment. Both the concentration and the loss amount of P resulted from the broadcasted plots diminished gradually with time, with the lowest TP concentration and loss amount being 0.5 mg·L^-1 and 4.0 mg·m^-2, which were 1.9 and 1 times compared with corresponding lowest values from the hole-applied plots, respectively. TPP in the runoff was always the major form of the TP lost（〉 96%）. The TP concentration and the P loss amount in the broadcasted plots increased more rapidly with the concentration and loss amount of particulates in the runoff than those of the hole-applied plots.

关 键 词：施用方式 坡地 径流 污泥 磷 

分 类 号：X522[环境科学与工程—环境工程]