变应原皮肤点刺试验750例的结果分析及护理体会  

Analysis of Skin Prick Tests with Allergens in 750 Suspects of Allergic Rhinitis and the Nursing Experience

作　　者：方红梅[1] 黄媛媛 季寒[1] 潘春寅[1] 杜安明[1] 王秋萍[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京军区南京总医院耳鼻咽喉-头颈外科,南京210002 [2]南京军区机关门诊部

出　　处：《解放军护理杂志》2008年第9期38-39,共2页Nursing Journal of Chinese People's Liberation Army

摘　　要：目的探讨变应原皮肤试验结果对临床的指导意义,并总结试验过程中的护理配合。方法对2007年3-9月750例疑诊为变应性鼻炎患者做变应原皮肤点刺试验,统计分析变应原皮肤试验的结果,并制定严密的护理和急救措施。结果750例受检者中皮试阳性者680例(90.67%)、阴性者70例(9.33%);室内变应原主要种类为屋尘螨614例(90.3%)、粉尘螨594例(87.4%)、热带螨300例(44.1%),而植物性变应原为艾草38例(5.6%)、豚草34例(5.0%)。所有皮肤试验者均未发生严重全身过敏反应。结论变应原皮肤试验是诊断变应性鼻炎的重要依据,可为特异性免疫治疗提供参考;试验过程中应配合健康教育和心理护理,并加强护理观察。Objective To study the role of skin tests with allergens in suspects of allergic rhinitis for clinical guidance and to summarize the nursing experience during the test. Methods Skin tests with allergens were made in 750 cases who were suspected with allergic rhinitis and proper nursing was given for March to September 2007. The results of skin tests were studied; nursing and first aid measures were planned. Results There were 680（90.67%） cases who had positive results and 70（9.33%） had negative results. The major indoor allergens were Dermatophagoides pteronyssinus （90.3%）,Dermatophagoides farinae （87.4%） and Blomia tropicalis （44. 1%）. The positive rates of plant allergen were lower than those of indoor allergen. The positive rates of Regweed and Artemisia Valgaris were 5.0 % and 5.5 %, respectively. No systemic anaphylaxis occurred. Conclusion Skin prick test with allergen is an important method in the diagnosis of allergic rhinitis and a reference of specific immunotherapy. Proper nursing can avoid allergic reaction.

关 键 词：变应性鼻炎 皮肤点刺试验 护理 

分 类 号：R473.76[医药卫生—护理学]