国家体育场大跨度钢结构在卸载过程中的应力监测  

Stress monitoring of the large-span steel structure of the National Stadium during unloading

作　　者：曾志斌[1] 张玉玲[1] 

机构地区：[1]铁道科学研究院,北京100081

出　　处：《土木工程学报》2008年第3期1-6,共6页China Civil Engineering Journal

基　　金：国家科技攻关计划课题(2004BA904B01);北京市科技计划课题(H050630210720)

摘　　要：国家体育场是2008年北京第29届奥运会的主体育场,承担奥运会开、闭幕式以及田径比赛和足球决赛等任务。其屋盖钢结构跨度大,覆盖面积也大,受力非常复杂。在施工过程中,主桁架搁置在78个临时支撑塔架上,整体合龙后要将临时支撑塔架拆除(此过程称为"卸载")。由于钢结构重量较大、支撑点数多、单点卸载吨位大,卸载难度非常大。在整个卸载过程中,利用自主研制的基于静态应变无线数据采集与传输的应力监测系统,对钢结构关键构件的应力变化历程进行跟踪监测。结果表明,实测值较好地反映了钢结构在体系转换过程中整体受力的变化,为卸载工作的顺利进行和安全使用提供了技术保障,也验证了首次在该项目上使用的应力监测系统和监测方法的正确性,该系统和方法可推广应用到类似大型结构的施工监测。The National Stadium is the main stadium for the Beijing 2008 Olympic Games,the site for the opening and closing ceremonies,track and field events and soccer finals.The super long span steel structure covers a large area and bears complex loads.The main trusses were fixed on 78 temporary bracketing structures during installation,then removed（unloading）after healing of the main trusses.The unloading of the main steel structural trusses was very difficult because of the huge weight of the steel structure,many supporting points,huge reaction force of each supporting point,etc.During unloading,the stresses of the steel structure were monitored by a specially designed Stress Monitoring System（SMS）based on a wireless data acquisition and transmission platform of static strains.The results reflected the change of stress in the process of the steel structure system conversion,technically guaranteed the unloading and usage of structure,and validated the SMS.The monitoring method,which was used in the project for the first time,could be extended to the construction monitoring of other similar large structures.

关 键 词：国家体育场 鸟巢 钢结构 卸载 应力 监测 

分 类 号：TU393.3[建筑科学—结构工程]