气候变化对甘肃玛曲草原生态的影响  

Effect of Climatic Change on the Ecologic Environment in Maqu Grassland of Gansu Province

作　　者：杨兰芳[1] 李宗义[2] 王劲松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国气象局兰州干旱气象研究所/中国气象局干旱气候变化与减灾重点开放实验室/甘肃省干旱气候变化与减灾重点实验室 [2]兰州中心气象台

出　　处：《中国草地学报》2008年第3期14-21,共8页Chinese Journal of Grassland

基　　金：甘肃省科技攻关计划项目(2GS064-A41-013)

摘　　要：采用甘肃省玛曲县1967年至2005年的年降水、气温、大风、沙尘等气候资料和1997～2005年卫星数据资料（NOAA14-AVHRR和EOS—MODISD），分析了玛曲草原38年来的气候演变特征和近10年来的草地植被月及年与相同时相降水之间的关系。结果表明：玛曲在降水量减少、气温升高的气候条件下，大风沙尘天气却显著减少；秋季降水出现明显转型信号，从90年代中期转入连续增加；近10年中，草原植被1997～2001年逐年显著减少（除个别年份随年降水波动外），2000年最差，草原沙漠化占总面积的5％，退化面积高达45％；2001～2005年间牧草植被缓慢恢复，呈现不显著的增加趋势，增加的变幅总体小于减少的变幅。Using climatic data of precipitation, temperature, gale and dust during the period from 1967 to 2000 in Maqu of Gansu province and remote sensing data monitored by NOAA14--AVHRR and EOS-- MODIS during the period from 1997 to 2005, the climatic trends of the past 34 years as well as the simultaneously monthly and yearly correlations between vegetation and precipitation in Maqu grassland in recent 10 years were analyzed. The results showed that the weather of gale and dust decreases distinctly with decreasing of precipitation and rising of temperature in climate; A significant turning appeared in autumn precipitation which increases steadily after the mid of 90＇s; In recent 10 years, vegetation is almost in decline in 1997-2001 in which the year 2000 was the sparest, the desertification area in this year was 5% of the total grassland area and the deteriorated area was 45% of the total grassland area, while forage vegetation was restored slowly and insignificantly in 2001-2005, the increased range was less than decreased range.

关 键 词：玛曲 草原 气候变化趋势 遥感数据 生态监测 

分 类 号：S812.1[农业科学—草业科学]