长期施肥对山东三大土类钾有效性及小麦产量的影响  

Effect of long-term fertilization on potassium availability in three soil types and yield of wheat in Shandong Province

作　　者：李彦[1] 于兴伟 高弼模[1] 董晓霞[1] 张英鹏[1] 

机构地区：[1]山东省农业科学院土壤肥料研究所,济南250100 [2]即墨农业高新技术开发区,青岛266224

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第3期583-586,共4页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：“十一五”国家科技支撑计划(2006BAD25B06)资助

摘　　要：钾是许多地区限制农业生产的主要因素之一,研究如何合理施肥提高土壤供钾能力和钾有效性,对提高作物产量十分必要。利用山东省三大土类25年长期定位肥料试验,探讨了不同施肥措施对山东省棕壤、潮土和褐土三大土类土壤钾有效性和钾素效应的影响。结果表明,长期不施用钾肥处理的土壤速效钾含量均有不同程度下降,三大土壤的速效钾亏缺顺序为棕壤>潮土>褐土。施钾处理的速效钾含量均明显高于不施钾处理,且NK处理的速效钾含量明显高于NPK处理。各土壤NP和NPK处理的小麦产量明显高于其他处理。棕壤在施氮和氮磷的基础上增施钾肥能明显提高小麦产量;潮土和褐土在施用氮磷的基础上增施钾肥一定程度上可提高小麦产量,在施氮的基础上增施钾肥对小麦产量无明显提高。Potassium is one of the dominant factors of agricultural production in many areas. It is therefore very important to enhance potassium supply and availability in soils. 25 years of data on fertilization experiment in three soil types in Shandong Province were analyzed to determine the effect of different fertilization on potassium availability in brown soil, fluvo-aquic soil and cinnamon soil, and on the yield of wheat. Results show that available potassium content with Non-K treatments somewhat decreases, and brown soil has the highest decreasing amplitude of available K, followed by fluvo-aquic soil and then cinnamon soil. Available K content in K treatments is higher than in Non-K treatments, and K content of NK is higher than that of NPK. Wheat yield under NP and NPK in the three soils is far higher than in other treatments. Potassium fertilization with N and NP increases wheat yield in brown soils. While K fertilization under NP treatment enhances wheat yield, it has no obvious effect on wheat yield under N application in fluvo-aquic and cinnamon soils.

关 键 词：长期定位肥料试验 速效钾 棕壤 潮土 褐土 小麦产量 

分 类 号：S158.3[农业科学—土壤学]