安徽沿江农区秋熟田杂草种子库特征  

Weed seedbank in autumn farmlands along Yangtze River in Anhui Province

作　　者：何云核[1] 强胜[1] 

机构地区：[1]南京农业大学杂草研究室

出　　处：《中国生态农业学报》2008年第3期624-629,共6页Chinese Journal of Eco-Agriculture

基　　金：国家科技支撑计划项目(2006BAD08A09)资助

摘　　要：研究了安徽沿江农区作物成熟期秋熟田杂草种子库的物种组成、物种多样性、空间格局,调查了地上部分杂草及相关环境因子,分析了杂草种子库与地上杂草群落和环境因子的关系。结果表明:秋熟田种子库有杂草40科124种,夏熟田杂草为优势杂草,自土壤表层至下层杂草种类数逐渐减少;不同农田类型中,物种多样性指数棉花田高于其他秋熟田,同一农田类型中,物种多样性指数表层>中层>下层;种子库总密度为289 865粒.m-2,其中秋熟田杂草种子占61.00%,杂草种子集中分布于土壤表层;杂草种子库与地上杂草群落Sorenson相似性指数为0.53,线性拟合表明二者密切相关;CCA分析表明土壤速效氮为影响种子库的最大环境因子。Weed species composition, diversity and spatial distribution pattern in autumn crop-fields along Yangtze River in Anhui Province were studied, aboveground weed weeds and related environmental factors investigated, and relationship between weed seedbank and aboveground weed community analyzed. The results show that there are 40 families and 124 weed species in autumn crop-fields. The dominant weed species is summer crop-field weed and the species declines from the land surface to deeper soil layer. Weed species diversity index in cotton field is higher than that in other autumn crop-fields. The diversity of surface layer is greater than that of the middle layer, and the middle layer in turn greater than the bottom layer in a given farmland. Total weed seed density is 289 865 seed·m^-2, 61.00% of which is in autumn crop field. Weed seeds concentrate in the top soil layer. Sorensen similarity index between weed seedbank and aboveground weed community is 0.53, and a linear correlation shows a close fit between the two. CCA analysis results show that soil available nitrogen is the most important environmental factor in weed seedbanking.

关 键 词：秋熟田 杂草种子库 物种多样性指数 环境因子 安徽 

分 类 号：S451.0[农业科学—植物保护]