兰州市街道尘埃的元素空间变化特征研究  

SpatialVariation Characteristics of Elements of Street Dust in Lanzhou

作　　者：王冠[1] 夏敦胜[2] 陈发虎[1] 刘秀铭[1] 杨丽萍[1] 魏海涛[1] 

机构地区：[1]兰州大学西部环境教育部重点实验室,兰州730000 [2]中国科学院寒区旱区环境与工程研究所,沙漠与沙漠化重点实验室,兰州730000

出　　处：《干旱区资源与环境》2008年第6期13-20,共8页Journal of Arid Land Resources and Environment

基　　金：国家自然科学基金项目(40571147、40401064);科技部重点国际合作项目(2002CB714004)

摘　　要：用X射线荧光法分析了兰州市街道尘埃样品元素的含量,并利用富集因子分析方法对实验数据进行统计分析,以对比元素浓度的空间变化特征。结果表明:兰州街道尘埃中元素A l,Na,Ba,Si,Ca,Sn,Th,W,La,U,Zr,Zn,Mn,Ce,Hf,Pb,Mo,Cs,C l的富集因子介于1-10之间,人为污染占相当的比例;As,S,B i的富集因子大于10,主要源于人类活动导致的各种污染因素;标识性元素的空间特征分析表明,兰州市燃煤污染较严重的区域为西固区和兰州市第二热电厂附近;沙井驿附近和城关区汽车尾气污染严重;B i和Cs可能来源于工业污染。Samples of street dust were collected in Lanzhou in January 2006 and element concentration were analyzed by X - ray fluorescence. Element concentrations in different places were compared, and enrichment factor method was used in this study. The conclusions are shown as follows. Enrichment factor values of Al, Na, Ba, Si, Ca, Sn,Th,W, La,U,Zr,Zn, Mn, Ce, Hf, Pb, Mo, Cs, Cl are among 1 - 10. At certain extent, these elements come from artificial factors. Enrichment factor values of As, S, Bi are more than 10. That means they come from manmade pollution. The space characteristics of some representative elements show that coal buring pollution in Xigu district and the second thermoelectric plant in Lanzhou are more serious than others. The pollution of vehicular exhausts in Shajingyi and Chengguan district are higher. At last, Bi and Cs are deduced from industrial pollution.

关 键 词：街道尘埃 化学元素 富集因子 兰州市 

分 类 号：X513[环境科学与工程—环境工程]