微型心尖轴流泵的结构及流体力学特性研究  

Study of a Minature Axial Pump Implanted at Ventricular Apex

作　　者：李国荣[1] 朱晓东[1] 田步升[2] 郝宗超[2] 彭远仪[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国医学科学院中国协和医科大学阜外心血管病医院,北京100037 [2]山西长治医学院附属和平医院,山西长治046000 [3]北京绍特生物科技公司,北京102218

出　　处：《医疗卫生装备》2008年第5期3-5,共3页Chinese Medical Equipment Journal

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(30371410;39870732)

摘　　要：目的:通过研制微型心尖轴流泵的样机并实测其流体力学特性,初步证实其可行性。方法:微型心尖轴流泵无前导叶,使泵体缩短并保留入口处的旋转血流分量。泵体外壁上的环形缝合裙将泵体分为前后两段。前段长度与心尖部室壁心肌的全层厚度相等。植入心脏时,泵体前段由心尖部插入,由于缝合裙限制,泵体前段不过度进入心室腔,仅以泵入口与心室腔相连通,在有效地引流心室的同时可避免心腔内植入过多的异物和液流死区。基于以上设想,研制的样机直径为20.6 mm,泵管直径为13 mm,长度为65 mm,总体积约为30 cm3,总质量约为50 g。在模拟循环台上进行流体力学特性测试,观察了血液动力学效果。结果:随着轴流泵转速的增加,模拟左心室的压力逐步下降,在输出压力为13.332 kPa(100 mmHg)条件下,轴流泵转速为12 000 r/min时流量可达5 L/min,消耗功率接近10 W。结论:样机测试表明微型心尖轴流泵结构设计可行,有望成为长期应用的植入式心脏辅助装置。Objective To manufacture a prototype of micro axial pump, which is intended to be implanted in the ventricular apex, and validate its feasibility by in vitro hydrodynamic testing. Methods A prototype of micro axial pump was fabricated. Without a drainage tube, the inlet opening of the cylinder axial pump was intended to directly conduct the left ventricle, penetrating through the muscle wall at apex. The pump body itself was not protracted into the ventricular chamber in order to avoid possible thrombogenisis around the pump surface. A swing ringed around the middle of the pump body and divided it into two parts. The anterior part, its length was about same to the thinking of the wall, would only drill through the muscle wall of the apex to let the portal of the pump opening to the ventricle, while not occupy the space of the ventricle chamber. Some whirling flow just before the pump opening could be generated by the axial impeller because there were not guiding vanes ahead it, adding more swash to the ventricular chamber and further reducing the thrombogenisis. The prototype was 20.6 mm in diameter. The pump tube was 13mm in diameter and 65 mm in length.It had a displacement volume of 30cm^3 with the total quality of 50g. It was manufactured and tested in mocking circulation. Results The test in a mocking loop suggested that, when the rotating speed was 12 000 r/min, the apex axial flow pump could deliver the flow of 5 L/min against 13.332 kPa （100 mmHg）afterload, and was able to provide physiologic flow with 10 watts in power requirements. Conclusion The testing indicates that the micro axial pump implanted at ventricular apex is feasible and holds promise for long-term support of patients.

关 键 词：左心辅助 机械性循环支持 轴流泵 心功能衰竭 

分 类 号：TH312[机械工程—机械制造及自动化]