探讨小儿X线胸片摄影技术与质量控制  

Discussion of camera techniques and quality control on chest x-ray film of children

作　　者：李利国[1] 高菲[1] 范伟英 

机构地区：[1]北京航天总医院,北京100076

出　　处：《海南医学》2008年第6期16-17,共2页Hainan Medical Journal

摘　　要：目的探讨小儿X线胸片在不同年龄组(新生儿、婴儿和幼儿期)的摄影标准与质量控制。方法使用中兴医疗LDR(低剂量直接数字化X线摄影系统)对2007年5～7月168例0～3岁小儿进行X线数字胸部摄片,将小儿分为1岁以下和1～3岁两个年龄组,根据X线的摄影质量标准进行综合评价分析。结果两个年龄组共168名0～3岁的小儿胸部摄片检查,达到优秀标准的图像共86例,其余82例均存在一定的图象质量问题但基本能够满足临床诊断要求。主要存在的问题有呼吸移动伪影;肩胛骨没有移出肺野外;两肺底肺野显示欠佳。结论通过对两组小儿X线胸片图像的分析,在进行小儿X线胸部摄片时,技术人员应充分把握好曝光时机,克服小儿因呼吸配合差,哭闹等因素造成的移动伪影,确保在吸气位末时摄取到最佳的小儿胸片。同时在摄影参数的选择上应尽量缩短曝光时间,避免移动伪影的产生,确保小儿X线胸片的质量,以满足诊断要求。Objective To discuss the camera standard and quality control of children chest x-ray film in different age groups （newborn, infant and infancy）. Methods 168 cases aged between 0-3 years old from May to July in 2007 were given digital chest x-ray film by the use of LDR of Zhongxing medical treatment. Chil- dron were divided into two age groups, one was under 1 year of age, and the other was aged between 1-3 years old. Comprehensive evaluation and analysis was given according to quality standards of X-ray photogra- phy. Results The images of 86 cases achieved standard of excellence, the other 82 cases appeared certain problems of image quality but basically meet the demand of clinical diagnosis. The main problems were motion artifact; bladebone failed to move from lung field; basis of lung and lung field were poor showing. Conclusion Through the analysis of images of chest x-ray fdm in two children groups, the technical staff should fully grasp the opportunity of exposure, and overcome the motion artifact caused by poor cooperation of breathing and cry- ing to shoot the best chest x-ray film. Besides, in the selection of location parameter, we should minimize the exposure time and avoid the formation of motion artifact, so as to ensure the quality of chest radiograph and meet the clinical demands.

关 键 词：小儿胸片 图象质量 移动伪影 

分 类 号：R814.33[医药卫生—影像医学与核医学]