低渗透油田油层结垢机理──砂岩微观孔隙模型实验研究  

FORMATION SCALING MECHANISMS FOR LOW PERMEABILITY OIL FIELDS-AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY IN SANDSTONE PORE MICROMODELS

作　　者：贾红育[1] 曲志浩[1] 孔令荣[1] 

机构地区：[1]西北大学,陕西省西安市西北大学地质系710069

出　　处：《石油勘探与开发》1997年第5期104-107,共4页Petroleum Exploration and Development

摘　　要：目前油层结垢机理研究中普遍采用岩心革相流动实验方法，但实验中不仅无法直接观察岩心结垢过程，而且同时注入两种不配伍盐水也与油田注水过程相差较大。以低渗透安塞油田为例，采用与油田注水过程更为接近的砂岩微观孔隙模型单相驱替实验技术，通过直接观察模型结垢过程并结合渗透率测定，对低渗透油田油层结垢机理进行了研究。研究结果表明：①油层结垢是在多次的水混合一晶体生长过程中形成的，在孔隙和喉道处均可发生晶体生长；②低渗透油层结垢具有结垢程度较弱而造成的伤害却较明显的特点；③结垢油层伤害是一复杂的问题，即使不考虑多相渗流和温度、压力的影响，其仍受到水的化学组成和油层渗透性的影响作用。At present, the experimental method of core monophasic flow is generally adopted to study formation scaling mechanisms.During the experiment, the process of core scaling can't be directly observed and simultaneous injection of two incompatiblebrines is obviously different from oil field water flooding also' Taking a low permeability oil field- Ansai oil field as anexample and adopting the experimental technique of sandstone pore micromodel monophasic displacement which is moreanalogue to oil field waterflooding, formation scaling mechanisms for low permeability oil field are studied in this paper bymeans of directly observing the process of micromodel scaling and measuring the permeability in the micromodel- The resultsshow: to Formation scaling is formed in many times in the process of water mixing-crystal growth, the crystal growth canoccur both in pores and at throats. Although the scaling extent of low permeability formation is slight, the extent offormation damage due to scaling is severe. The formation damage due to scaling is a complex problem, even if effects ofmultiphasic flow, temperature and pressure are excluded, it is double affected by the chemical composition of waters andformation permeability.

关 键 词：低渗透油田 油层 结垢 砂岩 微观结构 注水 

分 类 号：TE357.6[石油与天然气工程—油气田开发工程]