低磷胁迫下云南稻形态性状的氮肥反应  

Response of nitrogenous fertilizer of morphological traits for rice landraces in Yunnan under phosphorus deficiency stress

作　　者：曾亚文[1] 周国华[1] 杜娟 杨树明 普晓英 杜威 杨晓娟[1] 李本逊[2] 

机构地区：[1]云南省农业科院生物技术与种质资源研究所,云南昆明650205 [2]云南农业大学,云南昆明650201

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第2期740-746,共7页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：云南省省院省校合作项目(2006YX12);国家自然科学基金项目(30660092);云南省人才培引项目(2005PY01-14)

摘　　要：采用盆栽试验每份材料栽2桶,每盆装4kg低磷酸性红壤(速效磷2.53mg·kg-1、速效氮156.7mg·kg-1和pH=6.03),设置不施氮肥(速效氮156.7mg·kg-1)和施氮肥(速效氮490.0mg·kg-1)两种处理对539份云南稻核心种质17个形态性状及其相对指标,研究低磷胁迫下云南稻形态性状的氮肥效应结果表明:总体上低磷胁迫下云南稻核心种质籼稻氮效反应明显比粳稻敏感;按氮反应相对指标将云南稻种17形态性状划分为氮反应的强敏感、中敏感、弱敏感和不敏感型四种类型;揭示了低磷胁迫下云南稻种氮高效鉴定指标以相对穗干质量和相对总干质量为主,相对穗长、秆干质量、地上干质量、根干质量和茎蘖数可作为参考指标,其中穗干质量为氮反应的强敏感型,总干质量、地上干质量、秆干质量和茎蘖数属中敏感型,根干质量属弱敏感型和穗长属不敏感型。另外,低磷胁迫下云南稻种8个对氮反应敏感相对性状无论是在539份云南稻核心种质及其籼粳亚种间,还是在五个稻作区间总趋势是一致的;既证实了该文提出的低磷胁迫下8个氮反应敏感指标性状是十分可靠的,又揭示了低磷胁迫下5大稻作区氮反应的生态差异和土攘类型多样性是云南成为亚洲栽培稻籼粳分化中心之一的驱动力。Response of nitrogenous （N） fertilizer of 17 morphological traits and relative index of 539 accessions for core collection in Yunnan rice landraces setting two treatments between unapplied nitrogen （available nitrogen 156.7 mg·kg^-1） and applied nitrogen （available nitrogen 490.0 mg·kg^-1） were carryed out, by using potted plant trials of 2 barrels each accession, one bah＇el be filled with 4 Kg acid red soil with phosphorus deficiency stress （available phosphorus 2.53 mg·kg^-1, available nitrogen 156.7 mg·kg^-1 and pH=6.03）. Results are as follows： As a whole, effect of N-fertilizer for indica rice are more sensitive than japonica rice among the core collection of rice landraces in Yunnan Province. According to relative index of of nitrogenous response for 17 morphological traits of rice landraces in Yunnan are divided into four types, includes the strong sensitivity, middle sensitivity, hyposensitivity and unsensitivity. It is revealed that relative spike weight and total dry weights are major identify index of nitrogen efficiency for rice landraces in Yunnan under phosphorus deficiency stress, moreover the relative spike length, stalk weight, shoot dry weight, root dry weight and tillers per plant are used as their reference index, thereinto spike weight for the strong sesitivity of nitrogen response, middle sesitivity i.e. total dry weight, shoot dry weight, stalk weight and tillers per plant, root dry weight for hyposensitivity and panicle length for unsensitivity. In addition, The general trend of 7 relative traits of sesitivity to nitrogen response for core collection in Yunnan rice landraces is coincident among 539 accessins core collection and subspecies as well as five rice cropping regions; It is not only validated that 7 index of N-sesitivity is very reliable, but also displayed the ecological difference of N-response among five rice cropping regions under phosphorus deficiency stress and the fertility difference of soil diverstty is the drive ability for Yunnan become one of th

关 键 词：低磷胁迫 形态性状 氮肥效应 核心种质 云南稻种 

分 类 号：S511.024[农业科学—作物学] S511