广州市莲塘村风水林群落特征及植物多样性  

The community characters and plant diversity of fengshui woods in Liantang country,Guangzhou

作　　者：廖宇红[1] 陈传国[1] 陈红跃[1] 张杰[1] 吴钟亲[1] 刘烈旺[1] 

机构地区：[1]华南农业大学林学院,广东广州510642

出　　处：《生态环境》2008年第2期812-817,共6页Ecology and Environmnet

基　　金：广东省科技攻关项目(2003C201019);香港嘉道理农场及植物园公司资助项目(4400-G05002);佛山市南海区农林技术推广中心和东莞市林业科学研究所资助项目(4400-H04056)

摘　　要：风水林是极具南方地域特色的植被景观与物种储存库,是接近地带性植被特性的一种群落类型。研究风水林,对丰富和发展环境科学、生态科学、林业科学和园林科学,具有重要意义。本研究在广州市莲塘村村后风水林设立了样带、标准地和样方,对其乔木层、灌木层和草本层植物进行详细调查,结果表明,该区共有植物73种,隶属于33个科57个属。其植物种类丰富,以茜草科、樟科、大戟科、壳斗科、莎草科、桃金娘科植物占优势。该群落具有南亚热带常绿阔叶林群落的典型群落结构,垂直结构分层现象明显,层次清晰。文章对树种丰富度、Shannon-Winner指数、Simpson多样性指数、种间相遇机率以及均匀度等多样性指标的研究表明:该群落具有较大的物种丰富度,植物多样性较高,物种分布均匀,不同种之间相遇几率较大,其生物多样性各项指标远远大于尾叶桉人工纯林。该风水林群落是目前广州市保存较完好的具有典型地带特色的少数自然林之一,它的研究成果对以后生态公益林造林有极大的参考价值。Fengshui woods is a species pool. It approaches to the zonal vegetation type, with typical south-subtropical vegetation landscape. Studying on Fengshui woods is helpful for the development of environmental science, ecological science, forestry science and landscape architecture. Sample plots were set up in the woods at Liantang country of Guangzhou city. Based on investigations, abundant tree species including 33families, 57genuses, 73 species were found in Fengshui woods. They distributed in tropical and subtropical families such as： Rubiaceae, Lauraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Fagacea, Cyperaceae, Myrtaceae, etc. It was a typical south-subtropical evergreen broad-leaved forest community showing clear vertical structure of tree layer, shrub layer and herb layer. Through calculating the index of species richness, Shannon-Winer＇s index, Simpson＇s index, interspecific encounter probability, community evenness, the results indicated that plant diversity of Fengshui woods was higher than that of pure eucalyptus stand. In conclusion, Liantang Fengshui woods was a rare survival conservation of natural forest. Therefore, study on Fengshui woods could promote the development of the ecological plantation skills.

关 键 词：广州市 风水林 树种组成 群落结构 植物多样性 

分 类 号：Q948[生物学—植物学]