有效延长无线传感器网络寿命的分布式广播算法  

Maximum life-time distributed broadcast(MLDB)protocol for wireless sensor networks

作　　者：赵瑞琴[1] 刘增基[1] 文爱军[1] 

机构地区：[1]西安电子科技大学综合业务网(ISN)国家重点实验室,西安710071

出　　处：《高技术通讯》2008年第5期469-474,共6页Chinese High Technology Letters

基　　金：国家自然科学基金(90104012);综合业务网国家重点实验室开放课题(ISN7-03)资助项目

摘　　要：为了延长无线传感器网络的寿命,解决无线传感器网络中泛洪可能带来的大量资源浪费问题,提出了一种新的广播机制——最大寿命分布式广播(MLDB)策略。该策略基于延时转播机制,选取尽可能少的邻节点为转播节点来减小广播分组在网络中的重复。为了做出更好的选择,在确定转播时延的数值时,综合考虑节点转播带来的新增覆盖面积、未收到广播分组的邻节点数以及节点剩余电量3个因素。这种综合设计使得该策略能够在减小转播冗余提高广播效率的同时延长网络寿命。MLDB 是分布式执行的,所有节点仅需维持本地一跳邻节点信息,开销较小。仿真结果表明,MLDB 能够在维持像泛洪一样高的广播覆盖率的同时大大减少冗余转播,具有较小的端到端时延,并能够有效延长网络寿命。To relieve the broadcast storm problem caused by ordinary broadcast mechanism （OBM） in wireless sensor networks and maximize the life-time of the networks, the paper proposes an efficient broadcast protocol the maximum life-time distributed broadcast （MLDB） method. Based on an added delay mechanism, the MLDB adopts least neighbor nodes as the rebroadcast nodes for reducing the rebroadcast redundancy and energy consumption. By the smart design of the added delay strategy of synthetically considering the number of neighbors that have not received the broadcasted message, the new added coverage area caused by node broadcast and the left energy when rebroadcast nodes are selected, the MLDB implements a broadcast with high efficiency in a thoroughly distributed way. All nodes need only to maintain the relevant information of their one-hop neighbors. Experimental results for a large variety of simulation scenarios show that the MLDB is capable of saving much rebroadcast with lower end-to-end delay than OBM without sacrificing the reachability under all circumstances. Compared with OBM, it obtains a much longer network life-time.

关 键 词：无线传感器网络 分布式广播 网络寿命 

分 类 号：TP212.9[自动化与计算机技术—检测技术与自动化装置] TN929.5[自动化与计算机技术—控制科学与工程]