走马楼竹简“小口”考绎  

A Textual Research on "Xiao Kou" of Inscribed Slips of the Sun-Wu Period

作　　者：王子今[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国人民大学国学院,北京100872

出　　处：《史学月刊》2008年第6期82-85,共4页Journal of Historical Science

基　　金：教育部人文社会科学研究2006年度一般项目:秦汉时期未成年人生活研究(06JA770004);2007年度国家社科基金项目:秦汉社会称谓研究(07BZS007)

摘　　要：走马楼竹简所见"小口"称谓,透露出一些反映三国时期赋税史、财政史乃至社会生活史的新信息,对于认识古代未成年人在社会结构中的地位,也是有益的。"小口"一语见于《魏志》管辂故事,可知"小口"是当时通行称谓。"大小口有差"的制度,在战国秦汉已经出现,历朝有所继承。由于资料所限,目前尚无法确知走马楼竹简"小口"与"大口"的年龄界定。或许可以通过走马楼竹简所见"小女"的年龄分析,获得一点参考信息。当时"小女"与"大女"的年龄界点应当在十五岁左右,如果我们推想"小口"与"大口"的界定也是如此,或许不会有大的差误。这一情形,当是继承了汉代社会关于不同年龄段人群有不同社会责任和社会权利的观念。Xiao kou on the inscribed slips of Zoumalou reveals some information about the tax, finance and social life in the period of Three Kingdoms, and helps us to understand the position of minors in society. Xiao kou was a common term then and the system of difference between Da kou and Xiao kou was in existence in the Qin and Han dynasties. At present we are unable to fix the age demarcation between Da kou and Xiao kou due to lack of data. Yet we can get some clue from the analysis of the age of Xiao kou on the slips, which indicate that the age demarcation between Da kou and Xiao kou is 15 years old. If we infer from here that the age demarcation between Da kou and Xiao kou is also 15 years old, we can not be greatly wrong. The distinction was possibly, attributable to the different social responsibilities and rights at different ages.

关 键 词：走马楼竹简 小口 未成年人 

分 类 号：K877.5[历史地理—考古学及博物馆学]