乙烯利过度刺激采胶诱导巴西橡胶树割面干涸病的研究  

Aspects of the Development of Tapping Panel Dryness Induced by Overstimulation with Ethrel in Hevea brasiliensis

作　　者：吴继林[1] 谭海燕[1] 郝秉中[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国热带农业科学院橡胶研究所热带作物栽培生理学重点开放实验室,海南儋州571737

出　　处：《热带作物学报》2008年第1期1-9,共9页Chinese Journal of Tropical Crops

摘　　要：利用光学显微镜和透射电子显微镜技术,研究了乙烯利过度刺激采胶诱导的巴西橡胶树(Hevea brasiliensis Muell.Arg.)割面干涸病的组织学和细胞学的变化。实验树为无性系RRIM600,采用S/2d/2割制每间隔15d涂质量分数10%乙烯利,并增加割胶深度。结果表明:1.在实施过度刺激采胶的进程中,胶乳原位凝固的乳管开始出现在树皮外层,以后逐渐向树皮内层扩展。2.病树存活乳管中的细胞器加速衰老。很多黄色体破裂或一些黄色体成为残体,髓鞘状的结构出现,橡胶粒子的数量减少,F-W粒子成为电子致密体,核膜破裂,核的内含物最后被降解。3.原位胶乳凝固是病树失去功能乳管的重要特点。4.病树形成层刚分裂的乳管具有正常的结构。5.病树整个割面树皮组织加速衰老。讨论了没有褐斑的割面干涸病与有褐斑的割面干涸病在结构和发育上的差别。Histological and cytological aspects of tapping panel dryness （TPD） induced by overstimulation with ethephon in Hevea brasiliensis were studied using light microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. The 25 year old RRIM600 rubber trees were tapped on S/2 d/2 and stimulated with 10 % ethephon at an interval of 15 days. In the course of overstimulating laticifer death due to tapping was found to occur first in the outer bark and gradually towards the inner bark near the tapping cut. Senescence of organella was accelerated in the survival laticifers：Many lutoids were broken and some lutoids became residual bodies.Myelin-like structures appeared in cytoplasm.Rubber particles decreased in quantity.F-W particles became electron dense. Nuclei membranes were broken and the content of the nuclei finally disappeared.Latex coagulation in situ is an essential characteristic of laticifer death.Laticifers just derived from cambium had normal organella.Senescence of bark tissues was accelerated.

关 键 词：巴西橡胶树 割面干涸病 细胞学 过度刺激采胶 乙烯利 

分 类 号：S794.1[农业科学—林木遗传育种]