长期饮用纯净水对大鼠脏器及组织铅蓄积的影响  

Effects of Long-term Consumption of Purified Water on Lead Accumulation in Organs of Rats

作　　者：陈强[1] 舒为群[1] 曾惠[1] 罗教华[1] 

机构地区：[1]第三军医大学军事预防医学院环境卫生学教研室,重庆400038

出　　处：《环境与健康杂志》2008年第5期377-380,共4页Journal of Environment and Health

基　　金：国家自然科学基金重点项目(59838300)

摘　　要：目的观察长期饮用纯净水是否能增加铅在体内的蓄积及毒性。方法将104只断乳雄性SPF级SD大鼠随机分为8组(其中铅染毒组经饮水途径给予醋酸铅),分别为自来水对照组、纯净水对照组、低铅自来水组(含铅50mg/L)、低铅纯净水组(含铅50mg/L)、中铅自来水组(含铅200mg/L)、中铅纯净水组(含铅200mg/L)、高铅自来水组(800mg/L)、高铅纯净水组(含铅800mg/L)。各组食物及其他处理因素完全一致。于第4、6、8、10、24、28周尾静脉采全血动态监测血铅,在28周时处死大鼠取材,采用原子吸收分光-石墨炉法测定血铅及脑、心脏、肝脏、肾脏、骨等实质性脏器及组织的铅含量;以表面荧光法检测血液锌原卟啉(ZPP)含量。结果在相同的铅染毒剂量下,不同的饮水对大鼠血铅的影响未显示统计学意义,但饮用纯净水的大鼠肾脏、心脏、肝脏、脑、骨中的铅含量均高于饮用自来水的大鼠;同时饮用纯净水的大鼠其血液锌原卟啉含量均高于饮用自来水的大鼠,在低剂量铅染毒组间差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。结论在本研究的染毒剂量下,结果提示长期饮用纯净水能增加铅在大鼠心、肝、肾、脑、骨中的蓄积及其对造血系统的毒性,尤其是在低铅暴露背景下。Objective To understand whether long term consumption of purified water can cause lead accumulation and enhance lead toxicity in the rats with chronic lead exposure. Methods 104 male SD weaned rats were randomly divided into eight groups, tap water, purified water, tap water plus lead （lead acetate, Pb^2＋： 50 mg/L ）, purified water plus lead （Pb^2＋： 50 mg/L）, tap water plus lead （Pb^2＋： 200 mg/L ）, purified water plus lead （Pb^2＋： 200 mg/L）, tap water plus lead （Pb^2＋： 800 mg/L）, purified water plus lead （Pb^2＋： 800 mg/L）. All were fed with normal food and kept in the same environmental conditions. The blood samples were collected after 4, 6, 8, 10, 24 and 28 weeks of lead exposure. The brain, heart, liver, kidney, bone were sampled at the experimental endpoint and the lead concentration was determined with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometric method, zinc protoporphyrin （ZPP） level was measured by using surface fluorescence method. Results At the same lead exposure level, no difference of blood lead level was observed between the groups of drinking purified water and tap water, however, the lead level in the organs tissue, including brain, heart, liver, kidney, bone, was significantly higher in the group drinking purified water compared with drinking tap water. The blood ZPP level in rats drinking purified water was also higher than the rats drinking tap water, the significant difference were occurred at low lead level exposure （P〈0.05）. Conclusion The results of the present paper show that drinking purified water for a long time may cause the lead accumulation in the parenchyma organs and tissue, and increase the toxicity to the hematopoietic system in the lead exposure environment.

关 键 词：水净化 纯净水 铅 脑 心 肝 肾 骨 蓄积 锌原卟啉 

分 类 号：R994.6[医药卫生—毒理学]