优秀武术套路运动员膝关节损伤调查分析  

Survey on Knee Joint Injury of Elite Wushu Routine Athlete

作　　者：林小美[1] 沈凤铭[2] 周永平[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学教育学院体育学系,浙江杭州310028 [2]浙江警察学院,浙江杭州310053

出　　处：《中国体育科技》2008年第3期134-137,共4页China Sport Science and Technology

摘　　要：膝关节损伤是长期困扰武术套路运动员可持续发展的问题之一。为了解目前我国优秀武术套路运动员膝关节损伤的现状及原因,通过问卷调查法对国家队优秀武术套路运动员进行调查。结果表明,优秀武术套路运动员膝关节损伤现象较为严重,且存在普遍性问题。造成膝关节损伤的主要原因:一是,长期繁重的训练任务造成运动员膝关节疲劳,集中表现在C级(高级别)难度动作加连接动作的训练中。具体表现为跳跃动作起跳至落地过程中,运动员不正确的身体姿势和动作要领;腾空落地瞬间,运动员膝关节承受过重压力而未正确使用落地缓冲;腾空落地时由于旋转度数不足所造成的生硬连接。二是,难度动作训练之前的准备活动不充分以及训练时缺少必要的保护措施。因此,加强膝关节肌肉力量训练和难度动作完成前的准备活动,教练员对运动员完成难度动作采取有效合理的保护措施,是预防武术套路运动员膝关节损伤的重要手段。Knee joint injury is one of the problems that frequently disturb the sustainable development of wushu routine set athletes. In order to solve the problem, a questionnaire is made on elite athletes of the National Team. As is indicated in the survey, a great number of athletes have injury of knee joint in different degrees. The main causes are ： （ 1 ） the fatigue of knee joints induced by a large quantity and long time exercises, leading to knee joint injury in the training of C level difficulty and linkup motions; （2） deficient preparation before completing difficult motions or lack of protection during the exercises. Therefore, preventing the injury, athletes must strengthen the powerful training of knee joint muscles and prepare sufficiently before training, coach must give some appropriate protections during their training.

关 键 词：竞技武术 套路 运动员 膝关节 损伤 运动生理学 

分 类 号：G852[文化科学—民族体育]