颅脑创伤121例耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌的耐药性分析  

121 drug-resistance analysis and prevention of MRSA in neurosurgery intensive care unit

作　　者：刘永[1] 姚海军[1] 胡锦[1] 蒋燕群[2] 周良辅[3] 

机构地区：[1]上海交通大学附属上海第六人民医院急救创伤中心神经外科,上海市200233 [2]上海交通大学附属上海第六人民医院检验科 [3]复旦大学附属华山医院

出　　处：《中国基层医药》2008年第4期529-531,705,共4页Chinese Journal of Primary Medicine and Pharmacy

基　　金：国家自然科学基金（30371454）;GM联合基金（30422201）共同资助项目

摘　　要：目的了解颅脑创伤患者耐甲氧西林金黄色葡萄球菌（MRSA）的耐药情况，并提出对策。方法采用纸片扩散法检测痰培养为MRSA的121例颅脑创伤病例，并对其耐药性进行统计分析。结果121例MRSA对青霉素G、红霉素、环丙沙星、阿米卡星及头孢类抗生素耐药率达到了92．3％～100%，对替考拉宁及万古霉素完全敏感，对利福平、奈替米星、磷霉素的耐药率均较低，但对于磺胺异恶唑的耐药率从2001年的10％骤升到了2005年的95．2％。结论MRSA的耐药性应引起高度重视，预防及合理使用抗生素是减少医院感染的重要手段。Objective To understand the drug-resistance of MRSA patients in neurosurgery intensive care unit,raise the prevention of MRSA and provide doctors the basis for controlling it. Methods The 5 year（2001 2005） MRSA patients were tested by Kirby-Bauer in neurosurgery intensive care unit of a third-tier general hospital in Shanghai. Statistic and analysis the drug-resistance of the patients. Results The rates of 121 MRSA drug-resistance to penicillin G, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, amikacin and the cephalosporins are 92.3 % to 100 %, totally sensitive to teicoplanin and vancomycin and lower drug-resistance to rifampin, netilmicin and fosfomycin, but it rapidly raised from 10.0 % （2001） to 95.2 % （2005） to sulfamethoxazole. Conclusion It is time to take care of the drug-resistance of MRSA. Prevention and use antibiotics properly are the important ways to decrease the hospital infection and to improve the quality of recovered.

关 键 词：颅脑损伤 葡萄球菌 金黄色 抗药性 细菌 

分 类 号：R651[医药卫生—外科学] R44[医药卫生—临床医学]