高品质陆地棉与不同类型品种杂种的遗传及优势分析  

Comparative Analysis of Heritability and Heterosis of Main Economic Traits of High Fiber Quality Varieties Crossed with Different Types in Upland Cotton (Gossypium hirsutum L.)

作　　者：汤飞宇[1] 程锦 黄文新 肖小红[3] 肖文俊[1] 

机构地区：[1]江西农业大学农学院,南昌330045 [2]江西省经济作物技术服务站,330046 [3]江西农业大学经贸学院,330045

出　　处：《棉花学报》2008年第3期170-173,共4页Cotton Science

基　　金：江西省农业科技攻关项目(赣科发计字[2006]38号)

摘　　要：比较分析了高品质棉与高品质棉、常规品质转Bt基因抗虫棉杂交组合主要性状的遗传效应和杂种优势。结果表明,两类杂种的子棉产量存在极显著的加性和显性效应;高×高杂种的株铃数和铃重具有极显著的显性效应,高×常抗杂种受加性和显性效应共同控制;两类杂种的纤维品质性状以加性效应为主,但显性效应对纤维长度也起较大作用。高×高杂种的F1子棉产量和株铃数具有正向超亲优势,高×常抗杂种表现为负向超亲优势;两类杂种的纤维长度和麦克隆值具有较小的正向平均优势,比强度具有负优势。高×高杂种可以在保持亲本良好品质的基础上,利用产量和产量性状的正向超亲优势来提高产量。Two types of crosses were made by NC Ⅱ design. The type I was made between five high fiber quality upland cotton varieties as female and two other high fiber quality varieties as males. The type Ⅱ was made between the five same females and three Bt transgenic lines as males. Gene action and heterosis of main characters of the two types of crosses were analyzed using the genetic model of addictive dominance. The 25 crosses and their parents were planted at agricultural experiment station of Jiangxi Agricultural University in Jiangxi Province. The experimental design was a randomized complete blocks with three replicates. 50 normal opened bolls per plot were picked for assaying the boll weight, lint percentage. Seed cotton was harvested eventually. All the fiber samples were tested with HVI system in Cotton Research Institute of CAAS. The results showed： there existed very signifi- cantly additive and dominant effects for the seed cotton yield of the two types. Only dominant effects were found to be statistically significant for the bolls per plant and boll weight in the type I , which were controlled by additive and dominant effects in the type Ⅱ. The fiber quality traits were mainly controlled by additive effects in both types, but strong dominant effects also existed in fiber length. Positive F1 heterosis over better-parent value was found for the seed cotton yield and bolls per plant in the type I. The contrary result appeared in the type Ⅱ. There were relatively low F1 heterosis overmid-parent value for the fiber length and micronaire value and negative F1 heterosis for fiber strength in the two types. It was suggested that the crosses between high fiber quality lines could be used to increased yield in large extent and preserve the excellent fiber quality.

关 键 词：陆地棉 高品质 转BT基因棉 遗传效应 杂种优势 

分 类 号：S562[农业科学—作物学]