小浪底水库运用后输沙用水量可以大量节省  

Water consumption for sediment transport can be greatly saved by Xiaolangdi Reservoir operation

作　　者：齐璞 侯起秀 

机构地区：[1]黄委会水科院,河南郑州450003 [2]黄委会总工办,河南郑州450003

出　　处：《泥沙研究》2008年第3期69-74,共6页Journal of Sediment Research

摘　　要：经过我国几代人对黄河泥沙输移的研究和实践,认识己有重大突破,即可以利用高含沙水流输沙入海,节省输沙用水量,减缓河道淤积,为解决黄河下游防洪展现出美好的前景。为小浪底水库采用泥沙多年调节,充分利用下游河道的输沙潜力,利用汛期大流量输送高含沙水流入海提供了可能,是解决黄河下游泥沙问题节省输沙用水的有效技术途径。在黄河下游水资源十分紧张的情况下,使平水年、枯水年小浪底水库不排沙,全部水量用于兴利和环境用水。方案计算表明采用1970-1996年实测系列,水库开始排沙后,年均输沙用水量为43亿立米,丰水年排沙用水量达128亿立米,最小者为16亿立米。利用丰水年洪水输沙将从根本解决输沙用水量与下游河道工农业用水之间的尖锐矛盾。The research and practice on the sediment transport of the Yellow River have been passed through several generations in our country and the important breakthrough in understanding has been made. The high sedimentladen flow can save the water consumption of sediment transport and decrease the channel sedimentation. This has opened a fine future in order to solve the problem of flood control in the lower Yellow River. By the multi-year regulation operation of sediment of Xiaolangdi Reservoir, it is possible to use floods to transport large quantity of sediment to the sea, which is an efficient way to alleviate sediment problem in the Lower Yellow River, especially in the mean and low runoff years, all flow should be used for purposes of benefit and environment, but not for sediment transport. The computational results based on the 1970 - 1996 measured flow and sediment series indicate that if the Reservoir starts to discharge sediment, an annual water quantity to transport sediment will be 4.3 billion m3 , the water quantity will reach 12.8 billion m3 in the high flow year, and the minimum will be 1.6 na3 . Therefore, the keen conflict between water quantity for sediment transport and water demand for industry and agriculture in the lower Yellow River could be solved using floods to transport sediment during high flow years.

关 键 词：输沙用水量 高含沙水流 窄深河槽 泥沙多年调节 利用洪水排沙 

分 类 号：TV143.6[水利工程—水力学及河流动力学]