Bt棉种植时期和作物布局方式对龟纹瓢虫生长发育和繁殖的影响  

Impacts of transgenic Bt cotton planting history and cropping patterns on development and oviposition of Propylaea japonica Thunberg(Coleoptera:Coccinellidae)

作　　者：郭建英 周洪旭[1,2] 万方浩[1] 范中南[3] 董亮[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国农业科学院植物保护研究所,植物病虫害生物学国家重点实验室,北京100094 [2]青岛农业大学植物保护学院,青岛266109 [3]中国农业科学院农业环境与可持续发展研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《植物保护学报》2008年第2期137-142,共6页Journal of Plant Protection

基　　金：国家“973”项目(2006CB102004);国家“十五”科技攻关课题(2004BA516A01)

摘　　要：采集多年连作Bt棉区、Bt棉与春玉米等作物混栽区(过渡区)、多年连作果园(非Bt区)的龟纹瓢虫幼虫,分别用Bt棉上的棉蚜、Bt棉和非Bt植物上的蚜虫、非Bt植物上的蚜虫饲养,模拟研究Bt棉不同推广种植时期和作物布局方式对龟纹瓢虫发育、繁殖生物学特性的影响。结果显示,采自不同种植区域的龟纹瓢虫,雌雄成虫的体型由小到大依次为:Bt棉区<过渡区、非Bt区;体重依次为:Bt棉区、过渡区<非Bt区;幼虫历期依次为:Bt棉区>过渡区>非Bt区;新羽化的雌雄成虫体重均依次为:Bt棉区<过渡区<非Bt区;雌成虫比例依次为:Bt棉区<过渡区、非Bt区;羽化成虫的单雌产卵量依次为:Bt棉区、非Bt区<过渡区。表明采自不同种植区域的龟纹瓢虫,体型、体重、发育和繁殖特性均有较大差异,与多年连作果园和过渡区相比,多年连作的Bt棉区中,龟纹瓢虫成虫的体型和体重降低、幼虫发育历期延长、新羽化成虫的体重减轻、雌虫比例降低、单雌产卵量下降。Propylaea japonica adults and newly-hatched larvae were collected from different planting areas, including monocultured transgenic Bacillus thuringiensis （Bt） cotton area over five years, transition area with Bt cotton intercropped with maize and other crops, and non-Bt area of monocultured orchard over 30 years. P. japonica larvae were fed with GK12-originated aphid, Bt cotton-originated aphid and non-Bt aphid alternatively, and non-Bt aphid, according to the sources of the larvae. Adult body size and body mass, larval development and fecundity of the second generation were compared. The results showed that body size of field collected P. japonica adults were ranked as Bt cotton area 〈 transition area and non-Bt area. Adult body mass were ranked as Bt cotton area close to transition area, and both less than non-Bt area. Larval development period were ranked as Bt cotton area 〉 transition area 〉 non-Bt area. Body mass of newly emerged adults were ranked as Bt cotton area 〈 transition area 〈 non-Bt area. Percentage of females ranked as Bt cotton area 〈 transition area and non-Bt area. Number of offsprings per female ranked as Bt cotton area close to transition area, and both less than non-Bt area. These results indicated that body size, body mass, larval development and adult fecundity of P. japonica from different planting areas differed significantly. Compared with individuals from transition area and non-Bt area, P. japonica adults collected from Bt cotton area were smaller, larval development periods were longer, newly emerged adults were smaller, fewer females emerged, and females laid less eggs.

关 键 词：转BT基因棉 龟纹瓢虫 生态风险 作物布局 

分 类 号：S435.62[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治]