拮抗链霉菌182-2的抑菌防病作用及抗菌物质的初步鉴别  

The Effect on Fungal Diseases of Antagonistic Streptomyces sp.182-2 and Primary Identification of the Antibiotic Substance

作　　者：高芬[1] 吴元华[1] 魏颖颖[1] 赵秀香[1] 

机构地区：[1]沈阳农业大学植物保护学院

出　　处：《中国生物防治》2008年第2期148-153,共6页Chinese Journal of Biological Control

基　　金：国家863项目子专题(2001AA247011);国家烟草专卖局科技项目(国烟科[2002]187号);辽宁省科技攻关项目(2001208001)

摘　　要：拮抗链霉菌182-2的发酵液对烟草赤星病菌有良好的抑制作用且对多种病原真菌具有广谱抗性,对烟草赤星病的离体发病抑制率达65.79%;温室盆栽试验中的保护性抑制发病率为60.01%,治疗性抑制发病率为47.37%。发酵液的抗生素粗提物对菌丝生长有明显的抑制作用,当粗提物浓度为1000μg/ml,培养至7d时,对菌丝生长的抑制率仍达64.6%。对病原菌孢子的作用前期主要抑制其萌发,后期则主要对萌发的芽管产生影响,导致其缩短、扭曲、形成大泡囊或原生质体外渗,且使芽管畸形是主要的作用方式。经Doskochilova溶剂系统层析、pH纸层析和纸电泳测定表明:具有抑菌活性的物质为一种多组分的碱性水溶性抗生素。A study was carried out on the inhibition effects of fermented broth of Streptomyces 182-2. The results showed that fermented broth of the strain 182-2 was of superior and stable inhibition effect on Alternaria alternata and of wide inhibition spectrum against various pathogens. The inhibition rate of fermented broth to tobacco brown spot in detached leaves was 65.79 %. The protective and therapeutic inhibition rates to tobacco brown spot in greenhouse were 60.01% and 47.37%, respectively. The crude ex- tracts of antibiotic substance of strain 182-2 expressed obvious inhibition effect to mycelia growth and the inhibition rate was 64.6% on the 7th day （with the concentration of crude extracts being 1000μg/ml,）. When the pathogen spore was treated by the crude extracts, spore germination rate reduced in earlier stage, tube and hypha grew in abnormal shape as shorten, twist and big sac in later stage. By means of antibiotie special identifieation teehnique ineluding the paper ehromatography of eight kings of solvent syslem, pH chromatography and paper eleetrophoresis, strain 182-2 was indieated to produee basie watersoluble substances.

关 键 词：链霉菌 抑菌作用 抗生素 

分 类 号：S435.720.1[农业科学—农业昆虫与害虫防治] S476[农业科学—植物保护]