冲绳海槽海底硫化物中微生物矿化研究  

A study on the microbial mineralization in submarine black smoker chimneys from the Okinawa Trough

作　　者：冯军[1] 李江海[2] 初凤友[3] 

机构地区：[1]中国地震局中国地震应急搜救中心,北京100049 [2]北京大学地球与空间科学学院,北京100871 [3]国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,浙江杭州310012

出　　处：《海洋学报》2008年第2期62-69,共8页

基　　金：地震科学联合基金资助项目(A07113);国家自然科学基金资助项目(40472097)

摘　　要：报道了冲绳海槽伊平屋海洼海底黑烟囱样品中保留完好的矿化微生物群,它们的形态完好。主要有四种不同类型的丝状体,这些丝状体可能是硫或者铁氧化化能自养细菌和真菌矿化而成。对这些微生物矿化过程的研究表明,它们主要经过了两个阶段的矿化:(1)生物控制矿化阶段;(2)生物诱导矿化阶段。早期以生物控制矿化为主,晚期以生物诱导矿化为主。形成的矿物与热液成分以及微生物种类有关。Large amounts of microfossil records have been discovered in the seafloor black smoker chimney from the Okinawa Trough. They preserve good shapes, many of which can be divided into four kinds of filamentous microfossils. It suggested that the fossils may be derived from sulfur or iron oxidation chemolithotrophic prokaryotes and fungi. Two steps of biomineralization were hypothesized based on the comparison studies of the microbial mineralization processes： （1） biology-controlled mineralization; （2） biology- induced mineralization. At the earlier stage the biology-controlled mineralization is as a main process, at the later stage biomineralizalion is dominated by the biology-induced mineralization. The composition of the fluids and the species of the microbes will decide the types of the minerals formed.

关 键 词：微生物化石 生物矿化 海底黑烟囱 冲绳海槽 

分 类 号：Q913.2[天文地球—古生物学与地层学] P571[生物学—古生物学]