秸秆覆盖量对农田土面蒸发的影响  

The Study of Influence of Straw Mulch Amount to Soil Moisture Evaporation in Farmland

作　　者：刘超[1] 汪有科[1] 湛景武[1] 段雪松[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水利部水土保持研究所

出　　处：《中国农学通报》2008年第5期448-451,共4页Chinese Agricultural Science Bulletin

基　　金：国家"863"节水农业重大专项(2002AA2Z4211);陕西省重大项目"农业节水灌溉技术标准研究与示范"(2006kz08-G3)

摘　　要：【研究目的】为研究秸秆量与夏玉米农田保墒效果之间关系,【方法】结合小区试验和微型蒸发皿定量观测,研究了0、0.6、0.9、1.2 kg/m24种不同秸秆覆盖量对农田土面蒸发的影响规律。【结果】试验表明在无种植情况下,秸秆覆盖大于0.6 kg/m2时,能明显影响和保持0￣50 cm土层的土壤含水量。秸秆覆盖量大于0.9 kg/m2时,保墒效果不再明显增加。结合干旱小区玉米试验发现,秸秆覆盖量在0.6￣0.9kg/m2范围时,玉米增产效果明显。【结论】秸秆覆盖量为0.6￣0.9 kg/m2范围时,可获得较好的保水和增产效果。[OBJECTIVE]This paper mainly studies relationships between straw mulch amount and effects of moisture conservation and evaporation-inhibiting in the summer maize. [METHOD]It studies influential principles of different straw mulch amount （0, 0.6, 0.9, 1.2kg/m^2）to soil moisture evaporation through microlysimeter observation and plots experiment without maize to reach the above objective.[RESULTS]The study shows that straw mulch can greatly influence and keep the soil moisture content under 0-50 cm soil surface when the amount is above 0.6 kg/m^2, and when the amount is above 0.9kg/m^2 the effects of moisture conservation and evaporation-inhibiting will not increase. Also together with study of plots experiment of summer maize the results show that when the straw mulch amount is 0.6-0.9kg/m^2, the summer maize yield can increase greatly. [CONCLUSION]h can finally reach a conclusion that when the straw mulch amount is between 0.6-0.9 kg/m^2, it can get a better effect of moisture conservation and evaporation-inhibiting.

关 键 词：秸秆覆盖量 土壤含水量 土面蒸发 夏玉米产量 

分 类 号：S161.42[农业科学—农业气象学]