论信访权利与信访制度——从比较法视角的一种考察  

The Right of Letters and Visits & the System of Letters and Visits

作　　者：林来梵[1] 余净植[1] 

机构地区：[1]浙江大学光华法学院,浙江杭州310028

出　　处：《浙江大学学报（人文社会科学版）》2008年第3期26-33,共8页Journal of Zhejiang University:Humanities and Social Sciences

摘　　要：信访是一种具有鲜明中国特色和悠久本土渊源的制度。从比较法的视角考察,由于司法制度上的阙失,信访权利较之国外的请愿权而言,其法律权利的位阶及效力问题一向被边缘化,乃至隐身于非法律意义的层面。然而,《信访条例》中的规范语句还是为实务的发展预留了一定的空间,而且该制度在实际上起到了一种填补司法权利救济以及公民行使监督与制约政府的政治权利在事实上不足的作用。不过,就目前的情形来看,信访权利的具体内涵与边界尚无法借助司法审查制度在判决中所确立的审判标准得以明晰化,信访制度与国外的议会监察专员制度相比也缺乏以议会为主导的制度设计所具备的优点,其低效性更成为质疑的焦点。而这种"饮鸩止渴式的权利与制度安排"所呈现出的规范与事实上的各种问题,也正昭示了我国在走向法治国家的现阶段所面临的困境以及困境中暗含的契机。＂Letters and visits＂ is a system with evident Chinese characteristics. Compared with the right of petition abroad, its legal status and the effectiveness are always faint and marginalized, but the related statutes have still reserved certain development space. As for system, the concrete content and boundary of the right of letters and visits cannot be clearly defined by judicial reviews. In addition, the system of letters and visits lacks the advantages possessed by the system of parliamentary commissioner. Therefore, the low effectiveness of the system of letters and visits has become the focus of query. However, this system actually remedies the insufficiency of exertion of the right of action and political right more or less. All this shows that the system of letters and visits is in a tight corner, implying a chance at the present period walking up to the rule of law.

关 键 词：信访 信访权利 信访制度 请愿权 议会监察专员制度 

分 类 号：D922.182[政治法律—宪法学与行政法学]