饥饿和再投喂对青蛤(Cyclina sinensis)幼虫生长、存活及变态的影响  

Effects of starvation and refeeding on larval growth,survival,and metamorphosis of clam Cyclina sinensis

作　　者：杨凤[1] 张跃环[1] 闫喜武[1] 张国范[2] 

机构地区：[1]大连水产学院生命科学与技术学院,大连116023 [2]中国科学院海洋研究所,青岛266071

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第5期2052-2059,共8页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：国家十一五科技支撑资助项目(2006BAD09A01);辽宁省重大科研资助项目(990387)~~

摘　　要：在温度18.2～20.6℃,盐度23～25,pH7.96～8.14的条件下,研究了饥饿和再投喂对青蛤幼虫生长、存活及变态的影响。结果表明:在饥饿状态下,幼虫具有生长现象,且随着饥饿时间的延长,壳长逐渐接近一个常值而不再生长;幼虫可以由面盘幼虫发育到足面盘幼虫。随饥饿时间延长存活率下降;且足面盘幼虫及其变态规格、单水管稚贝规格随着饥饿时间延长而减小;幼虫的不可逆点(PNR)为12.48d;延迟变态时间长达12.7d。饥饿后再投喂相同的时间,幼虫能够恢复生长,存活的幼虫能够变态;稚贝表现出补偿生长现象,以壳长作为衡量标准,完全补偿生长能力依次为:S10>S11>S12>S1>S2>S3;超补偿生长能力依次为:S9>S8>S7>S6>S5>S4。The impact of starvation and refeeding on larval growth, survival, and metamorphosis of clam Cyclina Sinensis was investigated at 18.2 -20.6℃, salinity 23-25, and pH 7.96 -8.14. The larvae were not fed for up to 13 days at 1- day intervals, followed by refeeding for the remaining of a 28-day period. The results showed that unfed clam larvae grew for about 7 days to 139.5 μm by using endogenous nutrients and then the shell length plateaued. The larvae that were not fed for 13 days were able to develop from the umbo-vellger to plantigrade larvae. However, as the starvation period prolonged, larval survival rate and the size of plantigrades, metamorphosed larvae, and single-siphon juveniles decreased. The calculated point-of-no-return （ the threshold during starvation after which larvae can no longer metamorphose even if food is provided） for the larvae was 12.48 days, and the duration of delayed metamorphosis reached 12.7 days. During the refeeding phase following various starvation periods, the larvae were able to recover growth and metamorphosis, exhibiting the compensatory growth. Juveniles that were not fed for 1, 2, 3, 10, 11, or 12 days during the larval stage were able to catch up the size of juveniles that were fed daily during the 28-day period. However, juveniles that were not fed for 4 - 9 days during the larval stage surpassed the size of juveniles that were fed daily. During the 4 -9 days of starvation, growth rate of juveniles increased with increasing days of starvation. These results indicate that Cyclina Sinensis larvae and juveniles have the capacity to completely compensate for loss of growth and metamorphosis for up to 12 days （post-hatch） of starvation. However, starvation during this early life stage dramatically diminishes survival.

关 键 词：饥饿 青蛤幼虫 补偿生长 不可逆点 存活 变态 

分 类 号：S917.4[农业科学—水产科学]