三峡水库香溪河库湾主要营养盐的入库动态  

Dynamics of the main nutrients input to Xiangxi Bay of Three Gorge Reservoir

作　　者：李凤清[1] 叶麟[1] 刘瑞秋[1] 曹明[1] 蔡庆华[1] 

机构地区：[1]中国科学院水生生物研究所淡水生态与生物技术国家重点实验室

出　　处：《生态学报》2008年第5期2073-2079,共7页Acta Ecologica Sinica

基　　金：中国科学院知识创新工程重要方向资助项目(KZCX2-YW-427,KSCX2-SW-111);国家自然科学基金重点资助项目(30330140);国家重点基础研究发展规划(973)资助项目(2002CB412300)~~

摘　　要：基于香溪河及其主要支流高岚河的5a监测数据,估算三峡水库香溪河库湾氮磷营养盐的入库通量,并分析了氮磷营养盐的浓度及其通量的逐月动态。研究发现,每年大约有1623.49t总氮和331.85t总磷汇入香溪河库湾,其中,香溪河贡献了68.50%的总氮和91.74%的总磷。在这两条河流中,溶解无机氮是氮的主要存在形式;氮通量表现出夏季7月份偏高、春秋季次之、冬季较低的规律;面源污染是氮进入河道的主要途径。磷酸盐是香溪河磷的主要存在形式,而高岚河磷酸盐的含量则较低;香溪河磷通量的月均波动规律不明显,高岚河磷通量的高峰期出现在春末和夏季;高岚河的磷主要通过面源途径进入河道,而香溪河的磷则存在点源污染。水土流失可能是香溪河流域面源污染的主要途径,磷矿和磷化工厂的排污则是磷点源污染的主要途径。从保护三峡水库香溪河库湾的生态学角度考虑,应重点控制香溪河磷的点源污染。Based on routine monitoring data in Xiangxi River and its main tributary Gaolan River from September 2000 to June 2005, this paper estimates the contribution of riverine nutrients, and analyzes the monthly dynamics of concentrations and fluxes of nutrients. The results show that Xiangxi Bay annually receives 1623.49 tons of total nitrogen and 331.85 tons of total phosphorus; Xiangxi River alone accounts for 68.50% of the total nitrogen fluxes and 91. 74% of the total phosphorus fluxes. In these two rivers, dissolved inorganic nitrogen （DIN） is the dominating form; fluxes of DIN and TN are high during the summer （July） , medial in spring and autumn, and relatively low in winter; non-point source pollutants that flow into rivers are the most important pathway of nitrogen. Phosphate is the dominating form in Xiangxi River, relatively low in Gaolan River; fluxes of phosphorus are high during the late spring and summer, relatively low during the late autumn and winter periods in Gaolan River, but fluctuates irregularly in Xiangxi River; phosphorus in Gaolan River has been caused by non-point source pollutants, while point source pollutants of phosphorus play an important role in Xiangxi River. Soil erosion probably represents the major pollutants of non-point source,while the drainages of phosphorus diggings and factory discharges play the most important role in the point source of phosphorus. This research suggests that measures must be taken to control the point source pollutants of phosphorus in Xiangxi River in order to protect Xiangxi Bay of the Three-Gorge Reservoir.

关 键 词：氮 磷 浓度 通量 动态 三峡水库 香溪河库湾 

分 类 号：X524[环境科学与工程—环境工程]