采空区安全评价的理论与实践  

Safety Assessment of Abandoned Stope,Method and Practice

作　　者：李俊平[1] 陈慧明 

机构地区：[1]鸡西大学 [2]黄石市矿山安全卫生检测检验所,湖北黄石435000

出　　处：《科技导报》2008年第9期50-55,共6页Science & Technology Review

基　　金：国家安全生产科技发展计划项目(06-512);黑龙江省博士后科研启动金项目(LBH-Q06003);国家自然科学基金重点项目(50239070)

摘　　要：采空区处理是我国普遍存在的采矿技术难题。未处理的大型采空区是大面积突然冒落的顶板冲击地压的隐患。定期实施采空区安全评价,是用空场法开采的地下矿山为了确保安全生产的必然选择之一。本文阐述了采空区安全评价理论,以实例说明了该理论的应用。借助该理论评价采空区及其相关工程的稳定性,技术可行、准确可靠且简便有效。The disposal of abandoned stope is a problem of technological difficulty in the mining field in China. A large abandoned-stope without disposal poses a potential danger of sudden large-scale roof fall. A regular safety assessment of an abandoned stope, is among necessary measures to insure safe production in underground mines where the open-stopping method is adopted. This paper discusses the methods used in the safety assessment of abandoned stopes and their applications. They include 3-D simulation of a large-scale roof fall, the calculation and assessment of the pillar distribution, the design against air shock waves and the assessment. The 3-D simulation involves some modification of ANSYS. The plastic strain variations and tensile fractures are considered. The new pillar strength theory, the conception of stress release, and the statistical classification of rock falling are adopted in the method for assessing the pillar distribution. Air dynamics of underground mining and crack growth are taken into account in the design against air shock waves and the assessment. The results show it is technologically feasible to accurately, simply and efficiently evaluate the stability of abandoned stopes and related engineering environment with these methods. And the methods have been applied successfully to safety evaluation or safety acceptance evaluation in gold mines, phosphorite mines, iron mines, plumbum and zinc mines, coal mines, vanadium mines and strontium mines.

关 键 词：采空区 安全评价 顶板冲击地压 局部冒落 冲击气流 数值仿真 矿柱设计 

分 类 号：TD327[矿业工程—矿井建设]