爆生气体作用下孔壁岩石开裂的机理及影响因素研究  

Mechanism and Influencing Factors on Radial Fractures' Cracking and Propagation under Exploding Gas

作　　者：林英松[1] 张宝康[1] 蒋金宝[1] 刘兆年[1] 丁雁生[2] 

机构地区：[1]中国石油大学华东石油工程学院,山东东营257061 [2]中国科学院力学研究所,北京100081

出　　处：《石油钻探技术》2008年第3期50-54,共5页Petroleum Drilling Techniques

基　　金：中国石油化工股份有限公司科研项目“水力裂缝层内爆炸提高采收率技术基础研究”(编号:P03051)部分研究成果

摘　　要：开发低渗透油气田最有效的手段是改善低渗透储层物性,但目前常用的水力压裂、酸化和高能气体压裂等措施也各有其不足,因此对岩石具有应力波和爆生气体双重作用的"层内爆炸"方法应运而生。针对爆生气体作用下孔壁岩石的开裂问题,通过分析试验数据,建立了考虑试样惯性的力学模型,并从动力学角度对动态载荷作用下孔壁岩石产生多裂缝的机制做了数值模拟研究。试验及数值模拟结果表明,爆生气体动态载荷作用下孔壁岩石产生多裂缝的实质是试样对动态载荷的结构响应,孔壁岩石能否产生多裂缝主要取决于载荷、约束、结构和材料属性等因素的影响。此外还得到了不同加载速率和初始损伤条件下孔壁岩石开裂的一般规律。The commonly used effective methods to develop low permeability reservoir, including hydraulic fracturing, acid fracturing and high energy gas fracturing, had disadvantages respectively. There-fore, the exploding-inside-formations stimulation with stress wave and exploding gas appeared. For the problem of radial fractures＇ cracking and propagation under exploding gas, a mechanics model considering sample＇s inertia was established based on experiment analysis, fractures under dynamic load was numerically simulated. The results indicate that fractures in a cavity caused by exploding gas was a structural re- sponse, Whether or not creating more fractures was determined by load, restraint, structure, and material property and other factors. Furthermore, rules of fractures＇ cracking and propagation under different loading rate and initial damages were obtained.

关 键 词：爆炸压裂 裂纹 数值模拟 应力分析 

分 类 号：TE21[石油与天然气工程—油气井工程]